How to Write the Methods Section Read pages 79-88 in A Student Handbook for Writing in Biology. Write a complete Methods section based on the guidelines presented in these sections of Chapter 5. How to Write the Results Section Read pages 89-106 in A Student Handbook for Writing in Biology. Write a complete Results section based on the guidelines presented in these sections of Chapter 5. – Save the Formatted File 1. Click File > Save As 2. Navigate to where you would like to save the file 3. Name the file “LastNameFirstInitial_WritingAssignmentl” Example for Dr. T: TominackS_ WritingAssignmentl

Summarize the efficiency of cellular respiration and fermentation as methods to harvest cellular energy from the food we eat. Include all the 4 phases of cell respiration and the number of ATP they generate.

Tasks:

1. Write in double space with 12 font size in your own words or paraphrase the information.

2. check for spelling and grammar mistakes

3. Save the document in a Microsoft word and post as an attached file.

Criteria:

This assignment is associated with Turnitin to detect plagiarism. You are expected to paraphrase the information and keep the similarity below 30% to obtain total points.

Explore the Comparative Physiology Literature. Find six original peer reviewed papers (each includes original data about animals) from leading comparative physiology journals (See specific journals listed below), write short summaries/comments about each and complete a summary analysis of the papers in a table documenting the diversity of the topics and animals. Then upload each of the original papers in PDF format and a file containing a) the bibliography and b) the six commentaries and c) the table summarizing the diversity of the papers.

All of the papers should be about how animals work. They can focus on one or more levels of biological organization – the cellular, tissue, organ, organ system or whole organism level and can they focus on any of

. (Nesse, R.M., 2013. Tinbergens four questions, organized: a response to Bateson and Laland. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 28(12), pp.681-82.)

Locate scientific papers by searching through journal websites (I recommend this when you are first learning about a journal), our library index, Google, Google Scholar, Pub Med, JSTOR, etc. You can also use scite the AI app to find and curate papers. (Note that ChatGTP can give made-up citations so I would avoid that as a source of papers unless you ask for DOIs and you can then check them easily.) This might best be a two-step process: first locating a paper of interest and then using Google scholar.

Steps

1. Find six primary (peer reviewed with data and a methods section describing how they made the measurements) research papers (not reviews or commentaries or meta analyses) that catch your interest and download them in pdf form and upload them to Canvas as part of the assignment.

Get at least one paper from each of the following three journals and no more than 2 per journal.

• Journal of Comparative Physiology
• Physiological Zoology and Biochemistry
• Journal of Experimental Biology

The remaining papers can come from these journals (2 papers maximum for one journal) or any of the ones list below, but the articles must be about animal physiology (any animal taxon is OK), except model species such as rats, mice, rabbits, pigs, drosophila, etc.) and pet species (dogs, cats, etc.)

Other good journals:

Journal of Physiology, Integrative and Comparative Biology, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, American Journal of Physiology (many sections), Functional Ecology, Biological Bulletin, Journal of Thermal Biology & Journal of Insect Physiology or one not on this list but that I have OKed. Occasional the three highest profile journals Science, Nature, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science (PNAS) have articles.

1. Make a list of these six articles in standard bibliographic form (see citations in the papers you have selected for correct formats for literature cited but it is easiest to cut and paste (and correct as necessary) using Google Scholar) and rank them in the order of interest. You may also find it helpful to use Googles library option (I will demonstrate in class) or install a reference manager such as Mendeley or Zotero. The UMB library has instructions in how to use them.

Here is an example of a list of papers formatted correctly

Carlisle, D.B., 1968. Triops (Entomostraca) eggs killed only by boiling. Science, 161(3838), pp.279-2 80.

Geiser, F. and Kenagy, G.J., 1988. Torpor duration in relation to temperature and metabolism in hibernating ground squirrels. Physiological Zoology, 61(5), pp.442-449.

Harano, K.I., Maia-Silva, C. and Hrncir, M., 2020. Adjustment of fuel loads in stingless bees (Melipona subnitida). Journal of Comparative Physiology A, pp.1-10.

Leaf, A. and Renshaw, A., 1957. Ion transport and respiration of isolated frog skin. Biochemical Journal, 65(1), p.82.

Waller, L.A., Lailvaux, S.P. and Wilson, R.S., 2025. Honesty Is Costly in a Deceptive System: Locomotor Costs of Producing Large and Strong Weapons for the Crayfish Cherax destructor. Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology, 98(6), pp.369-380.

Pitt, K.A., Duarte, C.M., Lucas, C.H., Sutherland, K.R., Condon, R.H., Mianzan, H., Purcell, J.E., Robinson, K.L. and Uye, S.I., 2013. Jellyfish body plans provide allometric advantages beyond low carbon content. PloS one, 8(8), p.e72683.

Thoen, H.H., How, M.J., Chiou, T.H. and Marshall, J., 2014. A different form of color vision in mantis shrimp. Science, 343(6169), pp.411-413.

1. Include 2 – 4 sentences about what was of interest to you in each paper.
2. Fill in a table with an analysis of each paper using the same headings as in the example below documenting the diversity of the topics and taxa. Try to get a variety of different topics and phyla. Using the table from the first day of class as inspiration

Tips and Mistakes to avoid.

• Look for papers that say Research Article,
• Make sure each paper is NOT a commentary article. It needs to have methods, results and discussions sections,
• Avoid just a number for the file names. I recommend that you name the PDF files with the author, year and title: For example Harano et al 2020. Adjustment of fuel loads in stingless bees (Melipona subnitida)
• Make sure to italicize species names written as genus and species such as Melipona subnitida
• Do not forgot to upload all 6 journal articles,
• Make sure the PDFs match the papers you write about

read attached files pick either topic A, B, C, or D, thank you.