Please submit at least three to five scholarly sources in APA format to support your milestone research project. Remember to include a title page (in APA format) and then your reference page for this written assignment.

The milestone research paper must be in Microsoft Word, 5-7 pages (not a .pdf or submitted with any other report writing software) in APA format, consisting of a title page, an abstract, content pages, and a reference page.

You should:

• Connect to your interest/professional work
• Be narrow enough to focus on a specific target, but broad enough to be able to find enough information on the topic

Heres my topic:

For my Milestone Research Paper, I chose the topic of improving police response to mental health crises through Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) training and co-response models.

Heres my view:

This topic is significant to me because police officers frequently encounter individuals experiencing mental health crises daily. These calls may not involve criminal activity but are health-related emergencies that demand patience, effective communication, and the ability to safely de-escalate situations. As a police officer, Ive witnessed how these incidents can escalate into dangerous situations if the person is frightened, confused, or emotionally unstable. I firmly believe that prioritizing mental health crisis response directly contributes to this goal by minimizing the likelihood of unnecessary arrests, injuries, or use of force. Additionally, it enhances officer safety by teaching them safer approaches to handling unpredictable situations.

CJ 340 Project One Guidelines and Rubric

Competency

In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

• Analyze the relationship between criminology and law

Scenario

You are a local law enforcement officer and representative for the Los Angeles Metro Task Force on Violent Gangs. You are asked to create a presentation on criminal activity relating to the Hellfire Pistons Motorcycle Gang, an outlaw motorcycle gang based in Los Angeles. Using the scenario linked in the Supporting Materials section, create a presentation that describes the crimes associated with the gang, identifies offenders who commit the crimes, describes social and environmental factors that may lead to crimes, and explains how criminal justice professionals use data and theories to address crime problems. Your presentation will be used for the professional development of police officers in your department.

Directions

Using the provided scenario, create an oral or written presentation on criminal activity relating to the Hellfire Pistons Motorcycle Gang that focuses on crimes, offenders, environmental and social factors, and the use of data and theories to address criminal problems. The following required elements should be included:

1. Identify crimes in relation to this gang. In 2550 words, be sure to include the following in your identification:
2. What types of crimes do members of the gang commit?
3. What are the nature and extent of the crimes?
4. Describe the offenders who commit crimes. In 50100 words, be sure to include the following in your description:
5. What are the types of the offenders?
6. Are the offenders first-time or habitual?
7. Are the offenders adults or juveniles?
8. What types of crimes do the offenders commit (e.g., violent)?
9. What are the classifications (legalistic/technical, situational, pathological, avocational, career) of the offenders?
10. Describe how aspects of sociology can be applied to issues in criminology. In 150300 words, be sure to include the following in your description:
11. How can social learning theory be used to understand the crimes identified for the gang?
12. Which environmental and social factors may relate to the crimes you identified for the gang?
13. What environmental factors (presence of guardians or lack thereof, social disorganization, structural strain) may lead to the crimes?
14. What social factors (integration, conflict, inequality, control) may lead to the crimes?
15. Explain how criminal justice professionals use data and theories to address crime problems. In 150300 words, be sure to include the following in your explanation:
16. What is the importance of data and theories to criminal justice professional roles, both sworn and civilian?
17. How do crime data and criminological theory inform the creation of policies, programs, and laws?

What to Submit

To complete this project, you must submit the following:

For this assignment, you will create a presentation. Choose the format that works best for you. This could include one or more of the following: poster, handout, presentation slides, brochure, written description, or video. Whichever format you choose, your submission should address the rubric criteria listed above.

Any sources should be cited according to APA style.

An optional template (linked in the Supporting Materials section) has been created to assist you in completing this project.

Answer the two questions in at least 250 words each. I will grade based on your conformity to the following requirements below:

• If you use outside sources (-50 points)
• Failure to cite ALL material (indirect information and direct quotations) in your answer. Refer the text by the last name of the author, date or article, and page number, like this: (Berger and Losier, 2018: page number) (- 50 points)
• If each answer is not at least 250 words in length. (-25 points)
• No heading (name, date, class) (-25)

Question 1

Discuss the importance and role of the Nation of Islam in the origins of prisoner activism.

Question 2

What role did early court decisions have on prisoner activism? Discuss the most significant court decision in advancing the movement?

The Book and the only Source you will refer to is chapter 2 of Rethinking the American Prison Movement by Dan Berger and Toussaint Losier. You will only use pages 44 through 67. Do not reference any other pages.

Please follow the instructions explicitly. I have provided all pages from the text and attachments as well to properly cite everything. Please again pay attention to the instructions.

The final project for this course is the creation of an executive summary report. You will write a summary, conduct a crime assessment, and create a profile of a criminal. You will then develop a conclusion and consider the investigative use of the information you have compiled. Criminal psychology encompasses a wide range of information about someone which can be drawn together, synthesized, and written into a format used by the criminal justice system prior to an arrest. Typically, criminal psychologists are called upon to provide advice and consultation when the crimes are not straightforward. Law enforcement officers are experts at tracking data and looking for crimerelated clues to help them solve a case. However, when they need assistance determining who a criminal is, or what a criminals motivation might bein a predictive sensethey rely on the capabilities of professionals who are versed both in criminology and psychology. A criminal profile emerges as data comes together. This is not the same as the information you see on the news; rather, it is a comprehensive look at the biological, psychological, social, and environmental factors that make a person unique to a criminal case. Some of the information is based on empirical data and some is based on educated assumptions made by the criminal psychologist.

In this executive summary report, you will look at a variety of factors and work to answer the question who is this person? You will examine criminal statistics, lifestyle, upbringing, medical and mental health information, along with a range of other information, that will help you answer the who, what, when, where, and why of your chosen case. It will be your job to draw from your previous education and training to learn how to understand what information is relevant to your case. There is no piece of information that is too small to help you build the mosaic of how past activity can help predict future activity. Your profile will be thorough, addressing all of the areas and questions above for the aim of assisting investigators to understand the criminal and his or her motivations and motives as well as the risk of the criminal activity continuing in the future. Through prompts and independent research outside of the text, youll peer into the world of investigative profiling.

For this Milestone Two task, you will complete a draft of the profile portion of the final project assessment.

Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:

1. Profile
2. Develop a demographic summary of the individual based on analysis of data from the case.
3. Explain the impact that biological factors of the case had on the individuals behavior
4. Explain the impact that developmental factors of the case had on the individuals behavior.
5. Explain the impact that environmental factors of the case had on the individuals behavior.
6. Apply theories to the emerging hypothesis of the motivation of your chosen subject. In your response, consider the biological, psychological, social, and criminal violence theories.

What to Submit

Your paper must be submitted as a 2 to 3page Microsoft Word document with double spacing, 12point Times New Roman font, oneinch margins, and at least three sources cited in APA format.

you will develop a college level research paper addressing both of the following topics:

1. In 2011, the U.S. Government released the first ever (and only) strategy to specifically address homegrown violence inspired by radical ideologies () which was followed by a more detailed . These documents resulted from the identification of violent extremism and terrorism inspired by al-Qaeda as the “preeminent security threats” to the United States. Analyze this strategy and evaluate its effectiveness today to deal with the full range of domestic terrorism threats including from right wing, left wing/anarchist (Antifa) and Jihadi homegrown threats. Describe what elements you think are missing or should be reinforced in order to have a comprehensive and effective strategy to deal with homegrown terrorist attacks (regardless of the underlying ideology or political motivation). [See note]
2. Terrorism is politically motivated violence against non-combatants in order to spread fear (terrorize) and to force some change in policy. Terrorists attack indirectly (in civilian disguise) and against “soft targets” in order to strike fear and get attention to gain support for their cause (recruits, funding, propaganda). They seek revenge, renown, and reaction and are all about scaring civil society and making themselves known. So global news media agencies and the internet are both perfectly suited tools for terrorists to spread their message. How can we reduce terrorist use of the media and the internet as a tool for their evil purposes? Address both the media and the internet separately in your answer.

Note: This course is focused on politically motivated violence that is commonly called terrorism, and which always has some purported underlying cause. Do not address deranged massed shooters with serious mental dysfunctions as that is well outside the scope of this course. These people cannot be deterred and many often expose ideology as a reason when that is really just a distraction from the real proximate cause of the attack their mental illness.

Technical Requirements

• Your paper must be at a minimum of 6-8 pages (the Title and Reference pages do not count towards the minimum limit).
• Scholarly and credible references should be used. A good rule of thumb is at least 2 scholarly sources per page of content; however, a minimum of ten (10) scholarly sources are required to support your paper.
• Type in Times New Roman, 12 point and double space.
• Students will follow the current APA Style as the sole citation and reference style used in written work submitted as part of coursework.
• Points will be deducted for the use of Wikipedia or encyclopedic type sources. It is highly advised to utilize books, peer-reviewed journals, articles, archived documents, etc.

you will develop a college level research paper addressing both of the following topics:

1. In 2011, the U.S. Government released the first ever (and only) strategy to specifically address homegrown violence inspired by radical ideologies () which was followed by a more detailed . These documents resulted from the identification of violent extremism and terrorism inspired by al-Qaeda as the “preeminent security threats” to the United States. Analyze this strategy and evaluate its effectiveness today to deal with the full range of domestic terrorism threats including from right wing, left wing/anarchist (Antifa) and Jihadi homegrown threats. Describe what elements you think are missing or should be reinforced in order to have a comprehensive and effective strategy to deal with homegrown terrorist attacks (regardless of the underlying ideology or political motivation). [See note]
2. Terrorism is politically motivated violence against non-combatants in order to spread fear (terrorize) and to force some change in policy. Terrorists attack indirectly (in civilian disguise) and against “soft targets” in order to strike fear and get attention to gain support for their cause (recruits, funding, propaganda). They seek revenge, renown, and reaction and are all about scaring civil society and making themselves known. So global news media agencies and the internet are both perfectly suited tools for terrorists to spread their message. How can we reduce terrorist use of the media and the internet as a tool for their evil purposes? Address both the media and the internet separately in your answer.

Note: This course is focused on politically motivated violence that is commonly called terrorism, and which always has some purported underlying cause. Do not address deranged massed shooters with serious mental dysfunctions as that is well outside the scope of this course. These people cannot be deterred and many often expose ideology as a reason when that is really just a distraction from the real proximate cause of the attack their mental illness.

Technical Requirements

• Your paper must be at a minimum of 6-8 pages (the Title and Reference pages do not count towards the minimum limit).
• Scholarly and credible references should be used. A good rule of thumb is at least 2 scholarly sources per page of content; however, a minimum of ten (10) scholarly sources are required to support your paper.
• Type in Times New Roman, 12 point and double space.
• Students will follow the current APA Style as the sole citation and reference style used in written work submitted as part of coursework.
• Points will be deducted for the use of Wikipedia or encyclopedic type sources. It is highly advised to utilize books, peer-reviewed journals, articles, archived documents, etc.

write a scholarly paper that is a minimum of 8-10 pages in length (8-10 pages excluding the title page, abstract, and reference page) in proper APA style format.References may be found in the APUS library or search engines such as Google Scholar. The paper must include at least five peer-reviewed sources that cover your chosen topic from the list below. Keep in mind that 5 is the minimum. A good quality research paper usually contains more than 10. Sources should be as current as possible. Do not forget to use in-text citations to credit your sources.

The references used for your research need to be peer-reviewed/scholarly journals. These journals typically have the following characteristics:

1. a panel of experts reviews articles before they are accepted for publication;

2. a scholar or specialist in the field writes articles;

3. articles report on original research or experimentation;

4. are often published by professional associations;

5. utilize terminology associated with the discipline.

The use of newspapers, news magazines, and similar periodicals must be kept to a minimum and will be acceptable only as sources for supplementary information.

References like Wikipedia, Psychology Today, and Court TV are not primary sources, are not peer-reviewed (reviewed for empirical integrity, accuracy, and authenticity), and are not appropriate references for scholarly writing (with the possible exception of use for anecdotal background information).

Research Paper Topic: Crimes against children

The paper should be of high quality, free of spelling and grammatical errors, and of original work. Additionally, it must be formatted in the proper APA style.

This week you will be introduced to some foundational theoretical writings on police. As you read these articles, think about what social phenomenon the theory is attempting to explain (i.e., crime, police behavior, organizational structure, etc.). What are the propositions of theory? In other words, what factors are proposed to influence the outcome variable and what are some of the implications of the theory?

First, you will read an article by James Q. Wilson and George Kelling which introduced “broken windows theory” and suggests that visible signs of disorder and neglect can contribute to an overall increase in crime. This article was extremely influential in police policy in the 1980s and 1990s. While reading this article, think about the policy implications for police. If minor signs of disorder are proposed to lead to more serious types of crimes, what can (or should) police do to reduce crime? What might be some unintended consequences if police aggressively enforce minor offenses?

Second, you will read an article by John Crank and Robert Langworthy which theorizes about how myths in the institutional environment of police agencies can influence their formal structure and activities. This article applies “institutional theory” from Meyers and Rowan’s article to police. The authors suggest that police departments are highly institutionalized organizations. What do they mean by this? Make sure you understand some of the key terms of the theory including myths, sovereigns, and how the authors claim police agencies deal with “legitimacy crises.” Be able to distinguish between the technical environments and institutional environments that influence police departments and why the authors argue that the institutional environment is more influential on public sector organizations like police. Additionally, ensure you can provide specific examples of how the institutional environment has influenced police structure and activities according to Crank and Langworthy.

Third, you will read an article by David Klinger which attempts to explain how police behavior can vary across physical spaces (e.g., local communities). He develops an ecological theory about police behavior and argues that community level factors like neighborhood crime and deviance rates can influence the leniency (or vigor) of police officer behavior. It attempts to explain how the beat or district an officer works in can influence their responses. Make sure you understand the key propositions of the theory.

• THE SECOND ARTICLE IS A JOURNAL Crank, J. P., & Langworthy, R. (1992). Institutional perspective on policing. Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology, 83, 338-363
• THE THIRD ARTICLE IS ALSO A JOURNAL Klinger, D. A. (1997). Negotiating order in patrol work: An ecological theory of police response to deviance. Criminology, 35(2), 277-306.

This week you will be introduced to some foundational theoretical writings on police. As you read these articles, think about what social phenomenon the theory is attempting to explain (i.e., crime, police behavior, organizational structure, etc.). What are the propositions of theory? In other words, what factors are proposed to influence the outcome variable and what are some of the implications of the theory?

First, you will read an article by James Q. Wilson and George Kelling which introduced “broken windows theory” and suggests that visible signs of disorder and neglect can contribute to an overall increase in crime. This article was extremely influential in police policy in the 1980s and 1990s. While reading this article, think about the policy implications for police. If minor signs of disorder are proposed to lead to more serious types of crimes, what can (or should) police do to reduce crime? What might be some unintended consequences if police aggressively enforce minor offenses?

Second, you will read an article by John Crank and Robert Langworthy which theorizes about how myths in the institutional environment of police agencies can influence their formal structure and activities. This article applies “institutional theory” from Meyers and Rowan’s article to police. The authors suggest that police departments are highly institutionalized organizations. What do they mean by this? Make sure you understand some of the key terms of the theory including myths, sovereigns, and how the authors claim police agencies deal with “legitimacy crises.” Be able to distinguish between the technical environments and institutional environments that influence police departments and why the authors argue that the institutional environment is more influential on public sector organizations like police. Additionally, ensure you can provide specific examples of how the institutional environment has influenced police structure and activities according to Crank and Langworthy.

Third, you will read an article by David Klinger which attempts to explain how police behavior can vary across physical spaces (e.g., local communities). He develops an ecological theory about police behavior and argues that community level factors like neighborhood crime and deviance rates can influence the leniency (or vigor) of police officer behavior. It attempts to explain how the beat or district an officer works in can influence their responses. Make sure you understand the key propositions of the theory.

• THE SECOND ARTICLE IS A JOURNAL Crank, J. P., & Langworthy, R. (1992). Institutional perspective on policing. Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology, 83, 338-363
• THE THIRD ARTICLE IS ALSO A JOURNAL Klinger, D. A. (1997). Negotiating order in patrol work: An ecological theory of police response to deviance. Criminology, 35(2), 277-306.