Category: Criminology

Research Question- Why do people volunteer, and what motivates them to make a difference in their community? How can their personal growth and social roles make an impact towards society. Why Explore- I would like to explore this because volunteering activity is from an individual and their social norms. By exploring this topic, I hope to understand why people enjoy giving their time and energy to help out others, but to also understand why volunteering affects them in a sense of personal development, purpose, and a connection to the community. In this research, it can reveal motivation, social connections, burnouts, balancing commitments, and skill building. Grasping these factors can increase participation in our communities and programs to make a difference in society. Methods- I plan to conduct in several interviews with volunteers of organizations within my community. Field observations when I can – to seek interactions, experiences to observe the understanding of volunteering experiences and outcomes

Slide 1: Title Slide

• Title: “Legal Challenges Related to Racial Profiling in Policing: Ensuring Fair and Equitable Treatment”
• Your Name
• Course Name/Instructor
• Date

Slide 2: Introduction

• Briefly introduce the concept of racial profiling in policing.
• State the significance of addressing racial profiling to ensure justice and equity in law enforcement.

Slide 3: Definition and Overview of Racial Profiling

• Define racial profiling and its implications in the context of policing.
• Differentiate between racial profiling and criminal profiling based on behavior and evidence.

Slide 4: Historical Context and Evolution

• Provide a brief history of racial profiling in policing (e.g., “Driving While Black,” stop-and-frisk policies).
• Discuss how racial profiling has evolved over time in various jurisdictions.

Slide 5: Legal Framework Governing Racial Profiling

• Outline key constitutional protections against racial profiling, such as the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments.
• Highlight landmark cases that have shaped the legal discourse around racial profiling (e.g., Terry v. Ohio (1968), Whren v. United States (1996), Floyd v. City of New York (2013)).

Slide 6: Key Legal Challenges and Court Cases

• Discuss legal challenges that have been brought against law enforcement agencies accused of racial profiling.
• Analyze significant court rulings and their impact on law enforcement practices and policies.

Slide 7: Impact of Racial Profiling on Communities

• Examine the social, psychological, and economic impacts of racial profiling on affected communities, particularly communities of color.
• Discuss the erosion of trust between law enforcement and communities and its consequences for public safety.

Slide 8: Statistical Data on Racial Profiling

• Present recent data and statistics on racial disparities in stops, searches, arrests, and use of force.
• Discuss studies and reports that highlight racial biases in policing practices.

Slide 9: Policies and Reforms to Address Racial Profiling

• Explore policies aimed at reducing racial profiling, such as bias training, use of body cameras, data collection, and transparency.
• Discuss federal, state, and local initiatives that aim to address racial disparities in policing (e.g., consent decrees, pattern-and-practice investigations).

Slide 10: Role of Community and Stakeholder Engagement

• Emphasize the importance of community involvement in shaping police practices and policies.
• Discuss the role of civilian oversight boards, community policing strategies, and partnerships in promoting equitable treatment.

Slide 11: Challenges to Implementing Reforms

• Identify challenges faced by law enforcement agencies in implementing reforms to prevent racial profiling (e.g., resistance to change, lack of funding, inadequate training).
• Discuss the importance of political will, leadership, and cultural shifts within police departments.

Slide 12: Best Practices and Case Studies

• Present examples of jurisdictions or police departments that have successfully implemented reforms to address racial profiling.
• Highlight best practices and lessons learned from these case studies.

Slide 13: Recommendations for Future Policy Changes

• Provide recommendations for legal and policy changes to combat racial profiling and promote fair treatment.
• Consider the role of legislative reforms, community involvement, data-driven approaches, and continuous training.

Slide 14: Conclusion

• Summarize the key points discussed in the presentation.
• Reiterate the importance of ensuring fair and equitable treatment in policing to build trust and promote justice.
• If racial profiling has occurred, a Christian response involves repentance, both individually and institutionally. This involves acknowledging the wrong, seeking forgiveness, and making restitution where possible. Reconciliation is a key theme in Christianity (2 Corinthians 5:18), and addressing racial profiling can involve efforts to reconcile communities affected by these practices.

Slide 15: References

• List all sources, cases, articles, reports, and data used in your presentation in APA format.

Documentary to use is on youtube, this is the link: it is the 13th Documentary by director Ava DuVernays Instructions: Reflections are due at 11:59 pm Sunday of the week it is assigned. Each reflection should be between 400-500 words in length and should discuss your thoughts and analysis of at least one reading or documentary for weeks 1-4. You are encouraged to think about your personal life and connect the themes with your personal experiences or current events you have seen in the news or social media. You can reflect on the topics from the week reflection posts are due or from content before that week, as long as it is not the same topic, reading or documentary you had previously reflected on. Each reflection post is worth 5 points. Make sure to include in text citations (you do not need a references/work cited). If you are citing course material, you only need to include author and year of publication or for citing lectures “Rodriguez Lecture date.” Purpose of Assignment: Reflection assignments are a chance for you to think deeply about the topics were covering in this courseespecially how race and justice connect in the criminal justice system. They give you space to explore your own thoughts, experiences, and reactions, while helping you better understand the real-world impact of these issues. The goal is to support your learning and spark meaningful conversations. Course Learning Objectives Addressed: SLO #1 1A: Students will apply core criminology and criminal justice principles to situations related to crime, criminal justice, and related areas of practice. SLO #1 – 1B: Students will employ effective writing and speaking to communicate ideas and problem-solving related to criminology and criminal justice. SLO #3 – 3: Students will develop and apply a personal understanding of diversity and the way it impacts work in criminology and criminal justice. WI SLO #1 – Develop and clearly define their ideas through writing. GE SLO #1 – Students will explain how social scientists conduct the systematic study of social relations, human experiences and patterns of change over time. GE SLO #2 – Students will analyze and explain the multiple perspectives found in the social sciences that underlie debates on important historical and contemporary issues. GE SLO #4 – Students will demonstrate an understanding of how social problems impact individuals, communities and societies.

Assignment 4: Data-Driven Urban Violence Brief Course: Gangs in America (Masters Program) Module: Module 4 Gang Trends, Urban Contexts & Violence Due Date: See Canvas Points: 100 Assignment Purpose The purpose of this assignment is to develop students ability to interpret national gang trend data and apply it to the analysis of urban gang violence. Students will critically assess data limitations, identify patterns, and propose evidence-based responses grounded in empirical findings and urban context. This assignment emphasizes data literacy, analytical reasoning, and policy relevance. Learning Outcomes Addressed This assignment assesses the following course student learning objectives: Interpret national gang trend data Analyze urban environmental factors associated with gang violence Evaluate the strengths and limitations of gang data sources Apply empirical findings to policy and practice Blooms Levels: Analyze, Evaluate, Apply Assignment Instructions Write a 4-page analytical brief (not including title or references) that addresses the components below. 1. Data Overview (Approx. 1 page) Summarize key findings from national gang trend data (e.g., National Youth Gang Survey, 19962012) as discussed in Howell & Griffiths (2019). Identify major trends related to: Gang prevalence Geographic concentration Youth involvement Violence patterns 2. Urban Context Analysis (Approx. 1112 pages) Analyze how urban structural conditions contribute to gang violence, including: Concentrated disadvantage Residential segregation Limited economic opportunity Policing practices Explain why gang violence is often spatially concentrated within specific neighborhoods. 3. Data Limitations and Critical Evaluation (Approx. 121 page) Critically assess limitations of national gang data, such as: Law enforcement reporting bias Definitional inconsistencies Underreporting or overreporting Discuss how data limitations can shape policy misinterpretations. 4. Evidence-Based Policy Response (Approx. 121 page) Propose one evidence-based strategy to reduce urban gang violence. Explain how your recommendation: Aligns with empirical findings Addresses structural conditions Avoids over-reliance on suppression Source Requirements Required: Howell & Griffiths (2019) Minimum: Two additional peer-reviewed scholarly sources Formatting Requirements Length: 4 pages Font: 12-point Times New Roman Spacing: Double-spaced Margins: 1 inch Citation Style: APA 7th edition File Type: Word (.docx) or PDF Academic Integrity & AI Use All analysis must be original. AI tools may be used for brainstorming or proofreading only. AI-generated substantive content is prohibited. Evaluation Criteria (Summary) Your brief will be evaluated based on: Accuracy and clarity of data interpretation Depth of urban violence analysis Critical assessment of data limitations Strength and feasibility of policy recommendations Writing quality and APA compliance A detailed grading rubric is available in Canvas. Submission Instructions Submit your assignment through Canvas Module 4 Assignment 4: Data-Driven Urban Violence Brief by the posted deadline. Helpful Tip Strong briefs clearly distinguish what the data shows, what it cannot show, and how policy should responsibly respond.

The paper should be 25 pages in length (not including title page or references), written in APA format, and is worth 15% of your course grade. Please note that a 2-page paper will likely lack the depth of analysis required for a high grade.

In this paper, you will:

Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of comparative criminal justice studies, based on your readings from module 7.

All sources must be cited using APA-style in-text citations and included on a References page in APA format.

Reference at least four sources from the assigned module readings. Outside sources are not required.

Article Review Assignment: Review the two articles and select one to summarize. These are news articles that discuss some of the principles we have learned this week in the context of real-world events. When reading the articles think about what is going on specifically about the economic forces that are in play. Article #1 Water scarcity is becoming a business problem, Article #2 How scarcity leads to spending Use plain language as if you were explaining it to your friend, but describe both what is happening in a practical sense as well as state and explain the relevant economic principles). The paper should be 1 page in length and follow APA standards.

You will write an essay that will demonstrate both your critical thinking skills, and your understanding of one theoretical perspective. By semesters end the course you will have explored a variety of theories that seek to explain the onset and continuation (or desistance) of criminal behavior. You will have learned that none of these perspectives can explain crime in every situation therefore there is no one ideal explanation of crime. Each of these approaches comes with their own policy implications and suggestions for how to reduce crime and deal with offenders to reduce future criminality. In formal essay format (with an introduction and a conclusion), you will use a case study provided by the instructor to explore what you believe the best theoretical approach is to explain the crimes engaged in by the offender in the case study. Each of these approaches come with their own policy implications and suggestions for how to reduce crime and deal with offenders to reduce future criminality.

Draft #1 must be a minimum of 1000 words (Due March 8th, and Draft #2 (Due toward the end of the semester) must be a minimum of 2000 words. The theoretical application essay exceeds the recommended 2000 word writing requirement of a General Education course.

This section of the course will utilize the case study of RED THE MARTYR (a sex offender) to explore what you believe the best theoretical approach is to explain the crimes engaged in by the offender in the article.

You must demonstrate that you have read the article in its entirety . . . the use of examples (cited appropriately) is perhaps the most efficient way to accomplish this task.

Points to guide your paper:

• You will need to elaborate/summarize the main tenets/points of the theoretical perspective you have chosen (rational choice theory; trait theory; social structure theory; social process theory; developmental theory; social conflict theory)
• You must integrate the criminal behaviors discussed in the article using your chosen theory
• You must elaborate why the theory you have chosen provides the best explanation
• From a policy perspective, discuss at least ONE way in which this type of criminality might be deterred (this recommendation must be consistent with the theoretical approach you have chosen)

To be clear: in your paper you are to use only ONE theory to explain the offense elaborated in the case study. For example, ONE specific branch of biological theory . . . do NOT explain how each branch of biological theory could explains the case study.

Your applying theory essay Draft #1 must be at least 1000 words in length, double spaced, in Times New Roman 12-point font, using one-inch margins, and appropriate citations included using the APA 7th edition citation system. Upload a WORD document only.

Your writing assignment will be graded by the attached grading rubric. Your DRAFT work must be a minimum of 4-6 pages and contain at least 1000 words. Your cover page and reference page do not count toward your page count. Ensure you have the enough (ranging from 5-10) references aside from your textbook. Your references should be peer reviewed articles from scholarly publications. Seek the guidance of a resource librarian for assistance in your research.

Your paper must be in APA 7th format, cite at sentence level, have a cover page, and a reference page properly formatted.

use this video: and the attached PowerPoint to answer the questions very thoroughly please! Thank you!

MUST HAVE ACCESS TO WATCH THIS MOVIE. NO AI, NO AI THOUGHTS, NO GRAMMERLY. ZERO AI . I WILL RUN THROUGH MUTIPLE DIFFERENT DETECTORS. IF FOUND THAT IT WAS USED WILL REFUND AND REPORT.

Films are a valuable part of this course because they provide students with an opportunity to visually learn about the dynamics of family violence. Students are expected to watch the movie Devil in the Family: The Fall of Ruby Franke and write a 3-5 page reflection responding to these prompts:

1. How did the family’s online presence both conceal and reveal abuse?
2. What systemic and social failures allowed the abuse to continue unchecked?
3. How should content creators, viewers, and tech platforms respond when family vlogging crosses ethical lines?
4. Examine the emotional aftermath for the childrenwhat support systems are depicted, and what gaps remain?

The movie review should also integrate and analyze the material that is covered during the course. The movie review should not be a summary of the movie. It should not be a movie review regarding the quality of acting, cinematography, lighting, or other aspects of the quality of the production of the movie. Any paper that is a summary, a movie review, or a reflection that does not integrate material learned in class AND respond to the prompts listed above will only receive half credit (50 points).

Minimum requirements: The movie review must be a minimum of three (3) full pages double-spaced, one inch margins on all sides, using Times New Roman 12 point font and appropriate grammar and spelling. A full page consists of text only; headers/footers, titles, name/date, and the like are NOT calculated in the full page requirement. Any paper that is a summary, a movie review, or a reflection that does not integrate material learned in class AND respond to the listed prompts will only receive half credit (50 points). The movie review is worth 100 points and must be submitted through Canvas. Any movie review of more than one (1) movie will not be accepted for extra points. Failure to meet any one of the minimum requirements will result in a 30-point deduction.

Analyze the role of case management in the field of corrections and its key components. Examples: correctional officer and counselors