Category: Economics

  • Global Business Economics and Finance

    1. Choose an existing company that produces or exports to two countries of your choice.

    2. CHOOSE only ONE PRODUCT or a PRODUCT CATEGORY that your company sells in both of your chosen countries. Please note that companies may have a wide portfolio of goods and/or services, but you should only analyse only one of them in this report, so that your analysis may be feasible.

    3. The analysis in your report must use the theoretical frameworks covered in this module and include:

    a. A brief description of the company, and a clear statement of the product (category) that you chose to focus your analysis on in both countries.

    b. An analysis of the market structure in which your company operates in the two countries.

    c. A comparative analysis of the impact that the major macroeconomic indicators (listed in Section D below) have on companys economic activity (costs, revenues and profits) in the two countries of your choice.

    d. An analysis of the impact that monetary and fiscal policy instruments that are relevant to your company have on companys economic activity (costs, revenues and profits) in the two countries of your choice.

    e. An analysis of the impact that relevant foreign trade policy instruments, which derive from your two countries WTO and/or RTA memberships, has on companys economic activity (costs, revenues and profits) in both countries.

    B. MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS to be analysed for the past 10 available years.

    1. GDP growth rate

    2. GDP per capita, constant (USD) prices, PPP

    3. Inflation rate

    4. Unemployment rate (ILO measure)

    5. Monetary Policy Interest Rate

    6. General government balances (% of GDP)

    7. General government gross debt (% of GDP)

    8. Current Account Balance (% of GDP)

    9. Exchange rates (Local Currency Units/USD). For USD use USD/EUR exchange rates.

    You can use the IMF World Economic Outlook database to collect your data for most of these macroeconomic indicators, but other trusted sources can be accessed, such as Trading Economics and World Bank.

    The use of tables, charts, graphs and diagrams is permitted, and it is part of the essay marking criteria (Report structure, presentation and references). However, all tables, charts, graphs and diagrams should be editable

    Presentation: Arial 12 fonts, 1 spacing, justified text

    References: Use APA7 Referencing Style. Do not number references.

    Requirements: complete

  • economics for management

    Attached Files (PDF/DOCX): PRINT submit.docx

    Note: Content extraction from these files is restricted, please review them manually.

  • Module 5 Discussion Purpose

    This assignment is intended to help you learn to:

    • Discuss elasticity-based markup formulas to determine profit-maximizing prices in monopolistic competition, monopoly, and Cournot oligopoly.
    • Formulate pricing strategies that enhance profits given specific cost and demand structures.
    • Explain how price-matching guarantees, loyalty programs, and randomized pricing can enhance profits in markets with intense price competition.
    • Explain the economic basis for limit and predatory pricing.
    • Identify examples of networks and network externalities, and determine potential network connections.

    Instructions

    This discussion helps you apply key pricing concepts to real-world competitive environments. You will analyze how elasticity-based pricing, strategic pricing policies, and network externalities influence profit maximization in various market structures.

    Choose ONE of the four discussion topics provided below and answer with a comprehensive post, including in-text citations and references. Incorporate at least one current example and two credible references (e.g., journal articles, industry reports, or company analysis).

    1.Elasticity and Market Structure:

    • How does elasticity of demand affect optimal pricing in monopoly, monopolistic competition, and Cournot oligopoly? Provide an example from a real industry (e.g., pharmaceuticals, streaming, or telecommunications).
    • A company estimates its price elasticity of demand as – 1.5 and marginal cost at $40. Using an elasticity-based markup formula, what price would maximize profits? Explain how market power influences this result.

    2.Predatory Pricing and Regulation:

    • Discuss the economic rationale behind predatory pricing. How can regulators distinguish between competitive pricing and predatory intent? Reference a relevant antitrust case (e.g., Amazon, Walmart, or Uber).
    • Summarize the case, findings, and your thoughts regarding those findings based on what you know regarding predatory pricing.

    3.Strategic Pricing Practices:

    • Do price-matching guarantees promote competition or discourage it? Discuss whether these guarantees act as a subtle form of collusion. Provide examples from retail, airlines, or online markets.
    • How can brand loyalty programs or randomized pricing strategies strengthen a firm’s profitability when facing aggressive price competition? Use a specific company example (e.g., Starbucks Rewards, Amazon Prime, airline loyalty programs).

    4.Cost, Pricing, Market Entry, and Demand Structures:

    • Consider a firm with high fixed costs and relatively inelastic demand. What type of pricing strategy would enhance profits in this scenario? How would that strategy change if demand became more elastic?
    • Under what conditions can a firm use limit pricing to deter potential competitors? Provide a real or hypothetical example where this strategy was successful or failed.
  • Part 4: Competing in the Market

    Task List

    ONLY COMPLETE STEPS 3 & 4 !!

    1. Review the following documents to complete your assignment:
    • document – includes the assignment instructions, examples, and deliverables for this part.
    1. Read the assignment rubric below.

    I have placed a copy of the submission made by a previous group about CVS

    (Please read attachment as an example of an excellent response to this week deliverables:

    1. Module 4 Project 4 Deliverables:Summarize your findings in a Word document and then provide clear, actionable recommendations.
    2. Based on all prior analysis, create 35 actionable recommendations for how your chosen company should compete.
    • Pricing strategy
    • Differentiation or innovation focus
    • Partnership or strategic behavior
    • Risk mitigation / entry barriers
    • Performance metrics
    1. Current position: Given the market structure, rivalry, and positioning, where does your firm stand (leader, challenger, niche, vulnerable)?
    2. Recommended strategy (35 key moves):
    • Pricing approach (premium, competitiveness, penetration, versioning, bundles, etc.)
    • Differentiation focus (quality, innovation, service, ESG, speed, etc.)
    • Strategic behavior (cooperative behavior where allowed, capacity decisions, advertising, loyalty programs, partnerships)
    1. Economic justification:
    • Tie each recommendation to concepts:
    • Market structure,
    • Strategic interaction (from your game),
    • Barriers to entry,
    • Your demand and cost analysis from earlier parts.
    1. Company success criteria:
    • State 23 measurable indicators (e.g., market share, margin improvement, utilization, retention).

    Attached Files (PDF/DOCX): Module 4 Project 4 EXAMPLE Organization CVS.docx, Project Part 4 Competing in the Market Instructions.docx, Step12_Hostettler.docx

    Note: Content extraction from these files is restricted, please review them manually.

  • Do trade deficts matter?

    1.Listen to the podcast.

    2.Identify one idea from the podcast that you find interesting or worth discussing.

    3.Explore that idea further with the relationship between the U.S. and Poland.

    Please provide any references other than the podcast link

    Requirements: As long as needed

  • An analysis of the impact that the economic environment in c…

    1. Choose an existing company that produces or exports to two countries of your choice.

    2. CHOOSE only ONE PRODUCT or a PRODUCT CATEGORY that your company sells in both of your chosen countries. Please note that companies may have a wide portfolio of goods and/or services, but you should only analyse only one of them in this report, so that your analysis may be feasible.

    3. The analysis in your report must use the theoretical frameworks covered in this module and include:

    a. A brief description of the company, and a clear statement of the product (category) that you chose to focus your analysis on in both countries.

    b. An analysis of the market structure in which your company operates in the two countries.

    c. A comparative analysis of the impact that the major macroeconomic indicators (listed in Section D below) have on companys economic activity (costs, revenues and profits) in the two countries of your choice.

    d. An analysis of the impact that monetary and fiscal policy instruments that are relevant to your company have on companys economic activity (costs, revenues and profits) in the two countries of your choice.

    e. An analysis of the impact that relevant foreign trade policy instruments, which derive from your two countries WTO and/or RTA memberships, has on companys economic activity (costs, revenues and profits) in both countries.

    B. MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS to be analysed for the past 10 available years.

    1. GDP growth rate

    2. GDP per capita, constant (USD) prices, PPP

    3. Inflation rate

    4. Unemployment rate (ILO measure)

    5. Monetary Policy Interest Rate

    6. General government balances (% of GDP)

    7. General government gross debt (% of GDP)

    8. Current Account Balance (% of GDP)

    9. Exchange rates (Local Currency Units/USD). For USD use USD/EUR exchange rates.

    You can use the IMF World Economic Outlook database to collect your data for most of these macroeconomic indicators, but other trusted sources can be accessed, such as Trading Economics and World Bank.

    The use of tables, charts, graphs and diagrams is permitted, and it is part of the essay marking criteria (Report structure, presentation and references). However, all tables, charts, graphs and diagrams should be editable

    Presentation: Arial 12 fonts, 1 spacing, justified text

    References: Use APA7 Referencing Style. Do not number references.

    Requirements:

  • ECON-1145-Principles of Investment

    Main:

    You need to conduct research and write an essay about efficient market hypothesis and behavioural finance. You must discuss, compare and contrast the behavioural finance and the efficient market hypothesis.

    Individual Coursework

    Please read the handbook and select either option 1 or option 2.

    This assessment will have 25% weighting of the total mark of the course ECON 1145.

    The length of the essay should be 2,000 words (+/-10%). This excludes tables and bibliography section.

    For details of the coursework please see the handbook of the module.

    I have provided below Lecture slides and reference files such as “MlamboBiepke2007.pdf” etc. this can help when writing the essay and referencing too. all of them. Please do so throughout.

    Marking criteria for the essay

    • The university has endorsed a marking framework based on criteria rather than content-based.
    • The university requires all marking to include consideration of appropriate academic English so you must include a criterion section that specifically includes the words: spelling, grammar and punctuation.

    Marking Criteria

    Marks allocated to criteria:

    Focus

    Does the essay stay within and fulfil the topic parameters?

    20

    Synthesis

    Does the essay bring together the literature in a significant manner that addresses an essay question?

    30

    Soundness

    Does the essay indicate a comprehensive understanding of the topic area and literature discussed?

    30

    Clarity of structure

    Is the essay well organised and logically constructed to achieve synthesis while being mindful of the needs of the reader?

    10

    Mechanical Soundness

    Is the essay clearly written, spell checked and grammatically sound and referenced appropriately?

    10

    Important note: Coursework is marked on the understanding that it is the students own work on the module and that it has not, in whole or part, been presented elsewhere for assessment. Where material has been used from other sources, this must be properly acknowledged in accordance with the Universitys regulations regarding Assessment Misconduct.

    Additional tips about the individual coursework

    A significant proportion of students are not able to differentiate between the styles of writing appropriate to technical reports, journalistic articles and academic papers. When they do differentiate, (many students attempt the latter style) they may spoil what is basically a thorough piece of work, by inadequate structuring.

    What style you should use? The best way to appreciate the genre is to experience it. Read a few! What is presented here is an attempt to provide guidelines for the gross structuring of such a paper. All ECON 1145 coursework should have an introduction, a discussion section organised in some way or other and a conclusion.

    The Proposed Solution

    A skeleton framework for sectioning a coursework is given here, together with some suggestions for content. The major sections of a coursework should be-

    • Introduction
    • Discussion
    • Conclusion
    • Bibliography

    The requirements of each section are discussed below.

    The Identification Section

    This simply consists of the title of the coursework and the status of the document, such as

    An undergraduate level 6 coursework submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of ECON 1145.

    The Introduction

    Here you present the question or the problem that the coursework attempts to solve. Formulate one question and that question is what your paper is all about. If it is not obvious what question your coursework answers, it will be difficult to decide what use it is (and at the end of the day, how to assess it.) You must be able to provide a clear statement of what the project seeks to achieve. You are not required to be original at this level, but it should be a piece of your own work. Simply demonstrate your competence at researching a topic within the domain of the learning outcomes of the module presented in the module handbook and presenting your findings in an appropriate manner. If the answer to a particular question would be interesting to you or even better useful to your future work then it is better for you, but do not assume, however, that the relevance or interest of the question is immediately obvious to other readers. In this section, you should also motivate the question, that is, explain why it is interesting and relevant. A final function for the introduction is to explain how the discussion has been structured. It may be that several positions in an argument are examined, or a couple of case studies are presented and analysed. The aim is to make sure the reader understands why you are giving any particular piece of information in the place that you do.

    The Discussion

    This is the main body of the coursework. You need to demonstrate your knowledge of the relevant literature by researching and identifying key debates; concepts and theories form a variety of academic sources. You must clarify how the paper fits into the debate within the literature. You must review the literature and put it in the context of your learning outcome of the course. Before submitting your coursework always read the main objectives of the module and use some of arguments presented in the lectures. You need to explore the question that you have posed in the context of module learning and give a chain of reasoning that will justify the conclusions that you present. It should not be written as one block of text but should be broken up into relevant sections. Each section should probably have a descriptive title, then explaining the question that this section answers and how it does this, discussion paragraphs that give the substance of the material, and a conclusion that points out the detailed step that this section justifies and which is going to be used in the overall discussion. You may wish to draw attention to these sub-sections by giving them individual headings, but more often, this becomes cumbersome and they are better left simply as paragraphs.

    Footnotes should not be used in the Harvard system and at any rate always use them sparingly, if at all. Generally, all points should be made in the text of the discussion and if they cannot, then you must ask if they need to be made at all.

    The Conclusion of your coursework

    Here you present your answer to the question posed in the introduction, together with a justification indicating how the chain of reasoning flows from the discussion. You may wish to indicate any points that were not able to be resolved and suggest lines of further enquiry.

    The conclusion section should be entirely your groups work based on what is presented in the paper. No reference is required for the conclusion section. The coursework conclusions should demonstrate a well-rounded discussion of any main recommendations or findings arising from the research undertaken.

    The Bibliography and References

    It is vital that you give full references to the literature that you have consulted. This is appropriate in a coursework and you risk accusations of misconduct or plagiarism if you do not. Use the Harvard System which is the most popular and fashionable at present time. To indicate a reference in the body of the text, the name of the author, page and date should be given. Explicit reference should be given for both quoted text, which must be distinguished by quotation marks, and any paraphrased text. You may choose to further distinguish quotations by indentation, change of type face, etc. Where you have abbreviated quoted text, the cuts should be indicated by three dots (…), called ellipsis.

    Any source referred to must appear in the bibliography section, giving; the name/s of the author/s, the title, the date of publication, in the case of a journal paper the name of the journal, in the case of a book the publisher.

  • Supply Chain Modeling Project

    Students will analyze the attached supply chain scenario and apply descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive thinking to propose solutions using the knowledge from the PowerPoint. Length: 4-6 pages.

    Requirements: 6 pages

  • What is equilibrium

    The meaning of equilibrium and the diagram to illustrate the maximaximum value and the minimum value

    Requirements: