Category: Engineering

  • KD5067 Power Machine and Renewable Energy

    Coursework 1

    1

    Programme: BEng Electrical Engineering

    Module Code: KD5067

    Module Title: Power Machine and Renewable Energy

    Distributed on: 26 January 2026 via ELP

    Submission

    Time and

    Date:

    Coursework 1: 23:59 GMT, 24 April 2026

    Word Limit: The maximum length of the report should not be beyond 1500 words

    (generally withing 16 pages including diagrams, tables, main

    context and references with minimum 11pt font. Otherwise, it may

    lead to the deduction of the marks.

    15-minute presentation videos should be also submitted for both

    coursework 1 and 2.

    Weighting Coursework 1 accounts for 50% of the total mark for this module.

    Submission of

    Assessment

    Electronic Copy submission: An electronic copy of Coursework 1

    & 2 is required to submit to the ELP.

    It is your responsibility to ensure that your assignment arrives before

    the submission deadline stated above. See the University policy

    on late submission of work.

    Learning Outcomes

    For coursework 1, the student will be able to:

    LO1: Understand the fundamental theory and operating principles of power systems,

    power electronic equipment and the interaction between these. (AHEP4: C1)

    LO2: Design power systems, calculate and simulate fault levels, and identify the

    safe working practices needed. (AHEP4: C1, C3)

    LO3: Design power converters, perform and evaluate simulation results.

    (AHEP4:C1, C3)

    LO4: Explain effectively on complex engineering matters through technical report

    and presentation. (AHEP4: C17)

    ASSESSMENT REGULATIONS

    You are advised to read the guidance for students regarding assessment policies. They

    are available online here.

    Coursework 1

    2

    Late submission of work

    Where coursework is submitted without approval, after the published hand-in deadline,

    the following penalties will apply.

    For coursework submitted up to 1 working day (24 hours) after the published hand-in

    deadline without approval, 10% of the total marks available for the assessment

    (i.e.,100%) shall be deducted from the coursework mark.

    Coursework submitted more than 1 working day (24 hours) after the published hand-in

    deadline without approval will be regarded as not having been completed. A mark of zero

    will be awarded for the assessment and the module will be failed, irrespective of the

    overall module mark.

    These provisions apply to all assessments, including those assessed on a Pass/Fail basis.

    The full policy can be found here.

    Page limits and penalties

    If the assignment is within +10% of the stated page limit no penalty will apply.

    The page count is to be declared on the front page of your assignment and the assignment

    cover sheet.

    Academic Misconduct

    The Assessment Regulations for Taught Awards (ARTA) contain the Regulations and

    procedures applying to cheating, plagiarism and other forms of academic

    misconduct.

    The full policy is available at here

    You are reminded that plagiarism, collusion and other forms of academic misconduct as

    referred to in the Academic Misconduct procedure of the assessment regulations are

    taken very seriously. Assignments in which evidence of plagiarism or other forms of

    academic misconduct is found may receive a mark of zero.

    Coursework 1

    3

    NORTHUMBRIA UNIVERSITY

    Faculty of Engineering and Environment

    BEng (Hons) Electrical and Electronic Engineering

    Module: KD5067 Power Machine and Renewable Energy

    Coursework 1: Computer Aided Power Systems and Power Converters

    Coursework Weighting: 50% of Module

    Coursework Tutor: Dr. David Z Gao

    1 Aims of Coursework

  • To gain an understanding of the use of software packages for diagram building of a
  • power system, power flow analysis, balanced fault analysis, and power factor

    correction.

  • To design power conversion systems and validate using simulations.
  • To enhance the student learning process, by relating the theory and analytical
  • procedures to computer aided techniques for system analysis and problems solving.

    2 Learning Outcomes

    The student will:

    LO1: Understand the fundamental theory and operating principles of power systems,

    power electronic equipment and the interaction between these. (AHEP4: C1)

    LO2: Design power systems, calculate and simulate fault levels, and identify the safe

    working practices needed. (AHEP4: C1, C3)

    LO3: Design power converters, perform and evaluate simulation results. (AHEP4:C1,

    C3)

    LO4: Explain effectively on complex engineering matters through technical report and

    presentation. (AHEP4: C17)

    3 Coursework Requirements

    (a) This is individual work and each student is required to write a report to include

    computer print-outs and the different particulars described in sections 4. The report

    should be typed, which is not beyond 1500 words (generally not beyond 16 pages).

    Coursework 1

    4

    While you may work on the network model with others, the report must be your own work; you must not copy from others. Any reference material you use must be acknowledged. (b) You need to record a 15-minute presentation video to address task 4.2b in section 4. (c) To Submit the report (including results of the network modelling) and presentation video via elp, no later than 23:59 GMT, 24 April 2026. You are allowed to submit prior to the deadline.

    All the simulation files of the network computer model should be sent by email to zhiwei.gao@northumbria.ac.uk, grouped and clearly labelled with students name and module number/name.

    (d) Academic Integrity Statement: You must adhere to the university regulations on academic conduct. Formal inquiry proceedings will be instigated if there is any suspicion of plagiarism or any other form of misconduct in your work.

    Failure to submit: The University requires all students to submit assessed coursework by the deadline stated in the assessment brief. If coursework is submitted without approval after the published hand-in deadline, penalties will be applied.

    For further information on both these aspects, please see the Student Guidelines page relating to Assessment on the University web site.

    4 Tasks of Coursework

    4.1 Power systems

    To construct, using Simscape/Matlab software package, the power network shown below. Throughout this work, refer to the Simscape User Guide. You should keep a log book to record your progress and save your simulated results.

    Load 10.96

    p.f. The parameters of the components in the power network above are provided as follows:

    G

    Bus 1

    Bus 2 Bus 3a

    Bus 3b

    Bus 4a

    Bus 4b

    T1

    T2

    T3

    11/132 kV

    132/11 kV

    132/11 kV

    30MW at

    0.94p.f. Load 215MW at

    L1

    L2

    Coursework 1

    5

  • Generator G is modelled as a slack generator with 10
  • p.u. voltage, and

    the frequency is 50Hz, and the internal impedance is zero.

  • Transformer T1 is YY connection with the voltage ratio 11kV/132kV. The
  • nominal power is 100MVA. The resistance and inductance of the primary

    winding are respectively 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u., and the resistance and

    inductance of the secondary winding are 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u.,

    respectively.

  • Line L1: The reactance is 25 /phase, and the resistance is zero.
  • Line L2: The reactance is 36/phase, and the resistance is zero.
  • Transformer T2 is YY connection with the voltage ratio 132kV/11kV. The
  • nominal power is 100MVA. The resistance and inductance of the primary

    winding are respectively 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u., and the resistance and

    inductance of the secondary winding are 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u.,

    respectively.

  • Transformer T3 is YY connection with the voltage ratio 132kV/11kV. The
  • nominal power is 100MVA. The resistance and inductance of the primary

    winding are respectively 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u., and the resistance and

    inductance of the secondary winding are 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u.,

    respectively.

  • Load 1: The active power is 30MW with the power factor of 0.94.
  • Load 2: The active power is 15MW with the power factor of 0.96.
  • a) Following the instruction of the Simscape, build the power network aforementioned.

    Simulate and record the voltages, voltage angles, currents, and current angles on

    the bus bars, and provide your comments and analyses.

    (10%)

    b) Simulate and display the active powers (MW) and reactive powers (MVAr) on the

    bus bars, draw power flow chart and provide your analyses and comments.

    (10%)

    c) Three capacitors with equal values are connected in star formation across Load 2

    to improve the power factor to 0.99 (leading). Calculate the reactive power supplied

    by the three capacitors, and the capacitances of the capacitors, and demonstrate

    the power factor correction in the simulation.

    (10%)

    d) Suppose three-phase ground fault occurs on both bus bars 4a and 4b

    simultaneously. Calculate the fault currents at bus bar 4a and bus bar 4b

    respectively, and the voltage, current, and power at the monitoring point of bus bar

    2. Verify the calculated results with simulations.

    (14%)

    Coursework 1

    6

    e) Based on the monitoring point of bus bar 2, develop a method to detect whether

    the power network is healthy (detailed discussions are needed).

    (8%)

    f) When the power from the generator is increased, or the power factor of the load is

    increased, can the fault level of the power network be increased? Explain the

    reason.

    (8%)

    4.2 Power converters

    a) For a DC-DC buck-boost power converter, the input voltage is 50 V, the amplitude

    of the output voltage is 20 V, the switching frequency is 100 Hz, and the resistance

    is 20 + , where is the last digital number of the student ID. Design the inductor

    and capacitor so that the peak-to-peak inductor ripple current and peak-to-peak

    capacitor ripple voltage are not larger than 0.02 A and 30 mV, respectively. Build the

    power converter using Matlab/Simscape to validate the design. If the power switch

    and diodes both have forward voltages of 0.6 V, is your design still valid? How can

    you improve the design to deliver the desired output voltage of 20 V?

    (20%)

    (b) With the aid of PowerPoint slides, give 15-minute video-presentation to illustrate

    the following task:

    (i) Design an on-off AC-AC voltage controller circuit for a hair dryer. The supply

    voltage is 240 V, the rated power of the hair dryer is 2.5 W, and the power

    efficiency of the converter is 75%. Determine the load resistor of the AC-AC

    converter circuit. Discuss the relationship of the power efficiency and the duty

    cycle.

    (6%)

    (ii) Discuss the types of power converters, commercial products, and applications in

    renewable energy industry.

    (14%)

    5 References

    [1] Matlab & Simulink: Simscape User Guide,

    .

    [2] Weedy, B., Cory, B., Jenkins, N., Ekanayake, J., and Strbac, G, Electric Power

    Systems, Wiley, 2012.

    [3] M. H. Rashid, Electric Renewable Energy Systems, Elsevier, 2015

    Coursework 1

    7

    [4] R.W. Erickson and D. Maksimovic, Fundamentals of Power Electronics, 2nd ed.

    Springer, 2001.

    [5] Gao, Z, Power systems Part lecturing notes, eLearning Portal (Blackboard), 2026.

    [6] Gao, Z, Power converters Part lecturing notes, eLearning Portal (Blackboard), 2026.

    Module Specific Assessment Criteria and Rubric

    PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT

    Part Technical Objectives Weighting

    Task 4.1

    (a)

    LO1, LO2

    L1,L2

    Construction of the power network model with the simulated

    results (7%). Analysis and discussion (3%).

    10%

    Task 4.1

    (b)

    LO1, LO2

    L1, L2,

    L3

    Active power flow chart (4%), reactive power flow chart (3%),

    analysis and comments (3%).

    10%

    Task 4.1

    (c)

    LO1, LO2

    Calculations of capacitances (6%), and the simulation

    implementation of power factor correction and comments (4%).

    10%

    Task 4.1

    (d)

    LO1, LO2

    L1, L2,

    L4, L5

    Fault current calculation (6%), voltage, current and power

    calculation (3%), simulations and comments (5%).

    14%

    Task 4.1

    (e),

    LO1, LO2

    L4, L5, L6

    Detection methods (4%) and detailed analyses (4%) 8%

    Task 4.1

    (f)

    LO1, LO2

    L1, L2,

    L4, L5

    Comments on power (4%) and power factor (4%) 8%

    Task 4.2

    (a)

    LO1, LO3

    Parameter calculation (8%), simulation verification (7%), design

    for the improvement (5%)

    20%

    Coursework 1

    8

    Task 4.2

    (b)

    LO1,

    LO3, LO4

    L3, L4,

    L5, L6

    Load resistor (4%), power efficiency (2%), types of power

    converters (3%), commercial products (3%), applications in

    renewable industry (4%), overall quality of presentation (4%).

    20%

    Blooms Taxonomy Levels (BTLs):

    L1. Remembering: Recall or recognize facts and basic concepts.

    L2. Understanding: Explain ideas or concepts and make sense of the information.

    L3. Applying: Apply what understood to solve problems in new situations.

    L4. Analysing: Break information into parts to explore understandings and relationships.

    L5. Evaluating: Judge the value of ideas or materials.

    L6. Creating: Combine information to form a new whole or propose alternative solutions.

  • KD5067 Power Machine and Renewable Energy

    Coursework 1

    1

    Programme: BEng Electrical Engineering

    Module Code: KD5067

    Module Title: Power Machine and Renewable Energy

    Distributed on: 26 January 2026 via ELP

    Submission

    Time and

    Date:

    Coursework 1: 23:59 GMT, 24 April 2026

    Word Limit: The maximum length of the report should not be beyond 1500 words

    (generally withing 16 pages including diagrams, tables, main

    context and references with minimum 11pt font. Otherwise, it may

    lead to the deduction of the marks.

    15-minute presentation videos should be also submitted for both

    coursework 1 and 2.

    Weighting Coursework 1 accounts for 50% of the total mark for this module.

    Submission of

    Assessment

    Electronic Copy submission: An electronic copy of Coursework 1

    & 2 is required to submit to the ELP.

    It is your responsibility to ensure that your assignment arrives before

    the submission deadline stated above. See the University policy

    on late submission of work.

    Learning Outcomes

    For coursework 1, the student will be able to:

    LO1: Understand the fundamental theory and operating principles of power systems,

    power electronic equipment and the interaction between these. (AHEP4: C1)

    LO2: Design power systems, calculate and simulate fault levels, and identify the

    safe working practices needed. (AHEP4: C1, C3)

    LO3: Design power converters, perform and evaluate simulation results.

    (AHEP4:C1, C3)

    LO4: Explain effectively on complex engineering matters through technical report

    and presentation. (AHEP4: C17)

    ASSESSMENT REGULATIONS

    You are advised to read the guidance for students regarding assessment policies. They

    are available online here.

    Coursework 1

    2

    Late submission of work

    Where coursework is submitted without approval, after the published hand-in deadline,

    the following penalties will apply.

    For coursework submitted up to 1 working day (24 hours) after the published hand-in

    deadline without approval, 10% of the total marks available for the assessment

    (i.e.,100%) shall be deducted from the coursework mark.

    Coursework submitted more than 1 working day (24 hours) after the published hand-in

    deadline without approval will be regarded as not having been completed. A mark of zero

    will be awarded for the assessment and the module will be failed, irrespective of the

    overall module mark.

    These provisions apply to all assessments, including those assessed on a Pass/Fail basis.

    The full policy can be found here.

    Page limits and penalties

    If the assignment is within +10% of the stated page limit no penalty will apply.

    The page count is to be declared on the front page of your assignment and the assignment

    cover sheet.

    Academic Misconduct

    The Assessment Regulations for Taught Awards (ARTA) contain the Regulations and

    procedures applying to cheating, plagiarism and other forms of academic

    misconduct.

    The full policy is available at here

    You are reminded that plagiarism, collusion and other forms of academic misconduct as

    referred to in the Academic Misconduct procedure of the assessment regulations are

    taken very seriously. Assignments in which evidence of plagiarism or other forms of

    academic misconduct is found may receive a mark of zero.

    Coursework 1

    3

    NORTHUMBRIA UNIVERSITY

    Faculty of Engineering and Environment

    BEng (Hons) Electrical and Electronic Engineering

    Module: KD5067 Power Machine and Renewable Energy

    Coursework 1: Computer Aided Power Systems and Power Converters

    Coursework Weighting: 50% of Module

    Coursework Tutor: Dr. David Z Gao

    1 Aims of Coursework

  • To gain an understanding of the use of software packages for diagram building of a
  • power system, power flow analysis, balanced fault analysis, and power factor

    correction.

  • To design power conversion systems and validate using simulations.
  • To enhance the student learning process, by relating the theory and analytical
  • procedures to computer aided techniques for system analysis and problems solving.

    2 Learning Outcomes

    The student will:

    LO1: Understand the fundamental theory and operating principles of power systems,

    power electronic equipment and the interaction between these. (AHEP4: C1)

    LO2: Design power systems, calculate and simulate fault levels, and identify the safe

    working practices needed. (AHEP4: C1, C3)

    LO3: Design power converters, perform and evaluate simulation results. (AHEP4:C1,

    C3)

    LO4: Explain effectively on complex engineering matters through technical report and

    presentation. (AHEP4: C17)

    3 Coursework Requirements

    (a) This is individual work and each student is required to write a report to include

    computer print-outs and the different particulars described in sections 4. The report

    should be typed, which is not beyond 1500 words (generally not beyond 16 pages).

    Coursework 1

    4

    While you may work on the network model with others, the report must be your own work; you must not copy from others. Any reference material you use must be acknowledged. (b) You need to record a 15-minute presentation video to address task 4.2b in section 4. (c) To Submit the report (including results of the network modelling) and presentation video via elp, no later than 23:59 GMT, 24 April 2026. You are allowed to submit prior to the deadline.

    All the simulation files of the network computer model should be sent by email to zhiwei.gao@northumbria.ac.uk, grouped and clearly labelled with students name and module number/name.

    (d) Academic Integrity Statement: You must adhere to the university regulations on academic conduct. Formal inquiry proceedings will be instigated if there is any suspicion of plagiarism or any other form of misconduct in your work.

    Failure to submit: The University requires all students to submit assessed coursework by the deadline stated in the assessment brief. If coursework is submitted without approval after the published hand-in deadline, penalties will be applied.

    For further information on both these aspects, please see the Student Guidelines page relating to Assessment on the University web site.

    4 Tasks of Coursework

    4.1 Power systems

    To construct, using Simscape/Matlab software package, the power network shown below. Throughout this work, refer to the Simscape User Guide. You should keep a log book to record your progress and save your simulated results.

    Load 10.96

    p.f. The parameters of the components in the power network above are provided as follows:

    G

    Bus 1

    Bus 2 Bus 3a

    Bus 3b

    Bus 4a

    Bus 4b

    T1

    T2

    T3

    11/132 kV

    132/11 kV

    132/11 kV

    30MW at

    0.94p.f. Load 215MW at

    L1

    L2

    Coursework 1

    5

  • Generator G is modelled as a slack generator with 10
  • p.u. voltage, and

    the frequency is 50Hz, and the internal impedance is zero.

  • Transformer T1 is YY connection with the voltage ratio 11kV/132kV. The
  • nominal power is 100MVA. The resistance and inductance of the primary

    winding are respectively 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u., and the resistance and

    inductance of the secondary winding are 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u.,

    respectively.

  • Line L1: The reactance is 25 /phase, and the resistance is zero.
  • Line L2: The reactance is 36/phase, and the resistance is zero.
  • Transformer T2 is YY connection with the voltage ratio 132kV/11kV. The
  • nominal power is 100MVA. The resistance and inductance of the primary

    winding are respectively 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u., and the resistance and

    inductance of the secondary winding are 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u.,

    respectively.

  • Transformer T3 is YY connection with the voltage ratio 132kV/11kV. The
  • nominal power is 100MVA. The resistance and inductance of the primary

    winding are respectively 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u., and the resistance and

    inductance of the secondary winding are 0.0025 p.u. and 0.085 p.u.,

    respectively.

  • Load 1: The active power is 30MW with the power factor of 0.94.
  • Load 2: The active power is 15MW with the power factor of 0.96.
  • a) Following the instruction of the Simscape, build the power network aforementioned.

    Simulate and record the voltages, voltage angles, currents, and current angles on

    the bus bars, and provide your comments and analyses.

    (10%)

    b) Simulate and display the active powers (MW) and reactive powers (MVAr) on the

    bus bars, draw power flow chart and provide your analyses and comments.

    (10%)

    c) Three capacitors with equal values are connected in star formation across Load 2

    to improve the power factor to 0.99 (leading). Calculate the reactive power supplied

    by the three capacitors, and the capacitances of the capacitors, and demonstrate

    the power factor correction in the simulation.

    (10%)

    d) Suppose three-phase ground fault occurs on both bus bars 4a and 4b

    simultaneously. Calculate the fault currents at bus bar 4a and bus bar 4b

    respectively, and the voltage, current, and power at the monitoring point of bus bar

    2. Verify the calculated results with simulations.

    (14%)

    Coursework 1

    6

    e) Based on the monitoring point of bus bar 2, develop a method to detect whether

    the power network is healthy (detailed discussions are needed).

    (8%)

    f) When the power from the generator is increased, or the power factor of the load is

    increased, can the fault level of the power network be increased? Explain the

    reason.

    (8%)

    4.2 Power converters

    a) For a DC-DC buck-boost power converter, the input voltage is 50 V, the amplitude

    of the output voltage is 20 V, the switching frequency is 100 Hz, and the resistance

    is 20 + , where is the last digital number of the student ID. Design the inductor

    and capacitor so that the peak-to-peak inductor ripple current and peak-to-peak

    capacitor ripple voltage are not larger than 0.02 A and 30 mV, respectively. Build the

    power converter using Matlab/Simscape to validate the design. If the power switch

    and diodes both have forward voltages of 0.6 V, is your design still valid? How can

    you improve the design to deliver the desired output voltage of 20 V?

    (20%)

    (b) With the aid of PowerPoint slides, give 15-minute video-presentation to illustrate

    the following task:

    (i) Design an on-off AC-AC voltage controller circuit for a hair dryer. The supply

    voltage is 240 V, the rated power of the hair dryer is 2.5 W, and the power

    efficiency of the converter is 75%. Determine the load resistor of the AC-AC

    converter circuit. Discuss the relationship of the power efficiency and the duty

    cycle.

    (6%)

    (ii) Discuss the types of power converters, commercial products, and applications in

    renewable energy industry.

    (14%)

    5 References

    [1] Matlab & Simulink: Simscape User Guide,

    .

    [2] Weedy, B., Cory, B., Jenkins, N., Ekanayake, J., and Strbac, G, Electric Power

    Systems, Wiley, 2012.

    [3] M. H. Rashid, Electric Renewable Energy Systems, Elsevier, 2015

    Coursework 1

    7

    [4] R.W. Erickson and D. Maksimovic, Fundamentals of Power Electronics, 2nd ed.

    Springer, 2001.

    [5] Gao, Z, Power systems Part lecturing notes, eLearning Portal (Blackboard), 2026.

    [6] Gao, Z, Power converters Part lecturing notes, eLearning Portal (Blackboard), 2026.

    Module Specific Assessment Criteria and Rubric

    PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT

    Part Technical Objectives Weighting

    Task 4.1

    (a)

    LO1, LO2

    L1,L2

    Construction of the power network model with the simulated

    results (7%). Analysis and discussion (3%).

    10%

    Task 4.1

    (b)

    LO1, LO2

    L1, L2,

    L3

    Active power flow chart (4%), reactive power flow chart (3%),

    analysis and comments (3%).

    10%

    Task 4.1

    (c)

    LO1, LO2

    Calculations of capacitances (6%), and the simulation

    implementation of power factor correction and comments (4%).

    10%

    Task 4.1

    (d)

    LO1, LO2

    L1, L2,

    L4, L5

    Fault current calculation (6%), voltage, current and power

    calculation (3%), simulations and comments (5%).

    14%

    Task 4.1

    (e),

    LO1, LO2

    L4, L5, L6

    Detection methods (4%) and detailed analyses (4%) 8%

    Task 4.1

    (f)

    LO1, LO2

    L1, L2,

    L4, L5

    Comments on power (4%) and power factor (4%) 8%

    Task 4.2

    (a)

    LO1, LO3

    Parameter calculation (8%), simulation verification (7%), design

    for the improvement (5%)

    20%

    Coursework 1

    8

    Task 4.2

    (b)

    LO1,

    LO3, LO4

    L3, L4,

    L5, L6

    Load resistor (4%), power efficiency (2%), types of power

    converters (3%), commercial products (3%), applications in

    renewable industry (4%), overall quality of presentation (4%).

    20%

    Blooms Taxonomy Levels (BTLs):

    L1. Remembering: Recall or recognize facts and basic concepts.

    L2. Understanding: Explain ideas or concepts and make sense of the information.

    L3. Applying: Apply what understood to solve problems in new situations.

    L4. Analysing: Break information into parts to explore understandings and relationships.

    L5. Evaluating: Judge the value of ideas or materials.

    L6. Creating: Combine information to form a new whole or propose alternative solutions.

  • Civil Engineering Book Report

    The book: Fire in the Grove: The Cocoanut Grove Tragedy and Its Aftermath, John Esposito, ISBN 978-0306815010

    Your report should answer the following questions:

      1. WHAT BOOK did you read? Give a full bibliographic citation, attach after report as an appendix.
      2. WHAT HAPPENED in this book? WHAT was built, WHERE, WHEN? Give a short summary of the structure(s)/city part/city and its intended functioning. Also, as part of this answer, explain how the WHAT, WHERE, WHEN of this fire relate to the topics discussed in terms of the different parties of the construction industry (e.g., builders, inspectors, engineers, owners, suppliers) who contributed to the severity of this fire.
      3. WHAT were the most important factors (causes) that led to the fire and loss of lives as described in your assigned book? Consider human and social aspects of the decisions made, existing laws/regulations/requirements in place at the time of the fire, business practices, ethics. Additionally, compare and contrast how the factors you discuss in this answer relate to the factors that contributed to the recent fire in Switzerland in the Le Constellation bar in Crans-Montana on January, 1st 2026.
      4. WHAT were the impacts (results) of the fire described in your assigned book? How did it impact the lives of people at the location where the fire happened? How did it impact the structure of the building, the city/State where it occurred? Similarly, compare and contrast how the impacts you discuss in this answer relate to the impacts that contributed to the recent fire in Switzerland in the Le Constellation bar in Crans-Montana on January, 1st 2026.
      5. HOW did the built environment influence survival in positive and negative ways? HOW innovative was the design of the particular structure(s) described in the book, in terms of its methods and/or materials of construction, in terms of its environmental social impacts, and in terms of its use? Did it function in the way in which it was intended?
      6. WHAT lessons did you learn from this book? How do they relate to existing buildings and building codes? How are these lessons used to design, build, and operate current buildings? Develop your answer using the ASCE Code of Ethics (available at ) and explain which areas of the code of ethics were violated by those who contributed to the fire and its aftermath. Please spell out the title of the canon/code you are using to discuss the lessons learned. For instance, an example of how the canons should be referenced is as follows: “1. Society – Engineers: a. first and foremost, protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public;”
      7. Did YOU like this book? Would you recommend it to others? Produce a review of it, perhaps using a review of a book in a magazine or newspaper as an example. (Do not copy existing reviw

    Suggested outline

    The report should have headings for each section, as suggested below, do not write using an essay format without the headings this will severely impact your final grade.

    Front matter:

    • Cover page with your name and title of the book
    • Additional page with the table of contents

    Introduction: provide a general introduction about the book and how the report is organized.

    Description/Overview of the fire covered in your assigned book include answer to item 2 above.

    Most important factors influencing the fire include answer to item 3 above.

    Impacts of the Fire include answer to item 4 above.

    Relationship to builders place and time include answer to item 5 above.

    Lessons learned – include answer to item 6 above.

    Conclusions – include your thoughts on, for example, whether a similar fire might happen today, and if so, how the design, construction, and use of similar structures might be approached differently today, and any particularly interesting thoughts or observations you have preventing a fire.

    Back matter

    • Reference list with complete bibliographic records for any sources including the book you read.
    • Your review of the book (item 7), and any other relevant information you wish to include.

    I expect that you will submit this information in a 5-6 page written report (not counting any front or back matter, see details below). You should use Times New Roman, 12-point font, space-and-a-half, 1-inch margins all around. Number your pages. Spelling, grammar, and presentation will be graded.

  • EnEngineering Question

    Also, I need proposal for how we are going to proceed with this subject

  • Engineering Question

    Here is for the group details. Please go over it and let me know the student part that we can take

  • Engineering Question

    Hey man,

    I need your support to write a report with using power point format ( 14 pages minimum) where I will give you the main data for the report and we may add or modify them after discussing with me.

    I will share the instructions files along with two ppt samples. Also, I will share the main data in ppt file where you can extract the information

  • Please follow instructions

    Ai sustainability use this data to write a comprehensive report on Oman power

  • Please follow instructions

    Ai sustainability use this data to write a comprehensive report on Oman power

  • what is signal

    what is signal

  • What is the quantization

    Quantization is the process of mapping continuous, high-precision numerical values (like 32-bit floats) to a smaller, discrete set of lower-precision values (like 8-bit integers). Primarily used in AI and signal processing, it reduces model size, speeds up inference, and lowers power consumption with minimal loss in accuracy.

    IBM

    IBM

    +3

    Key Aspects of Quantization:

    How it Works: It compresses data by converting complex floating-point weights and activations into integers (e.g., FP32 to INT8 or INT4).

    AI/LLM Benefits: Quantization makes large models (LLMs) smaller and faster, allowing them to run on edge devices like mobile phones, while reducing memory usage and operational costs.

    Types:

    Post-Training Quantization (PTQ): Applied after a model is trained to reduce size.

    Quantization-Aware Training (QAT): Models the loss of precision during training to improve accuracy.

    Trade-off: While it improves efficiency, reducing precision can lead to a slight decrease in model accuracy.

    Other Applications: Beyond AI, it is used in digital signal processing (e.g., converting audio/images to digital) and music production to align MIDI notes to a timing grid