please complete both discussions. These are two different assignments, but two discussion needs to be completed. Please upload two separate documents for the discussions. please look at the required readings, rubric the instructions . please do not use any ai websites and do not use grammarly! my school detects all ai even grammarly. please apa format

Acosta 2

Paul Acosta

Dr. Parsons

English 101 R

2/13/2022

Why All the Fuss Summary

David Crystal writes a book about Texting and the affects it has on students writing. In Crystals book Txtng:The Gr8 Db8 We focus on the chapter Texting: Why All the Fuss. Crystals opinion on this topic is that texting can be a very helpful way to practice the English language, he has a very positive attitude towards this topic. He is trying to persuade his audience that texting could be more helpful by providing more experience of writing rather than it being a encumbrance. His audience is to the schools, students, teachers, and anyone else who is against texting. The four main ideas that Crystal develops in this chapter is: know the difference between formal and informal language, be aware of generational talk downs, be careful of taking in misinformation, and what effects does texting have outside of literature.

The first main idea Crystal talks about is knowing the difference between formal and informal English. He brings up that when he talked to students, they said that they knew the difference and that using text language for formal school use is defiantly not appropriate. In fact, students that do use text language in their papers are either in a hurry or just lacking effort in what they write. Only a small percentage of students use aberrations in their schoolwork,so this raises the question of how the idea of texting became associated with negative affects in literacy. He also brought up the point that most of the students that use aberrations place higher or advance higher in English than most. Crystal also brings up that 10% of the child population have learning hinderances that affect reading and writing. With all this in mind how much of these negative assertions are credible.

The second main idea is to be aware of generational talk downs meaning that each generation talks down about what the new generation has. Crystal brings this up because generations leading up to phones have said kids are poor reader/writers because they watch too much tv, play too many video games, too much internet, or not enough reading. Noticing this pattern repeatedly you cant help but ask if the same thing is happening here. How could the whole writing system change if the text language isnt used by students in the school because they can tell the difference between formal and informal. So what Crystal does is he is making his audience question the opposing sides credibility while building his own.

The third main idea is to be careful of taking in misinformation which is something Crystal urges you not to do. The debate over text language is people having all these opinions with inaccurate information. An example of this is when people read off Wikipedia that NZQA was allowing schools to accept text abbreviations in exams, when this wasnt the case. People found the Wikipedia website way before the NZQAs official response saying that their regulations haven’t been changed because that may cause clarification issues among graders and the students exam. Crystal again just trying to discredit the other side of this debate about how does text language affects students reading and writing.

The Final main point that Crystal Makes is that text Language has effects on students outside of literature. This would be sleep because students can get messages that wake them up in the middle of the night. Could create reduced attention span, lower Iq, could cause addition to texting and make people want to text back immediately(while at work or school). Can cause physical problems like wrist pain, neck strain or strain on arms because of looking down, constantly using one hand, etc…. These are more pressing issues that should be focused on more when talking about texting not how it affects students writing. This is what Crystal was trying to get his audience to understand to hopefully persuade them into seeing that text language isnt as big of a deal as people make it out to be.

Work Cited

Crystal, David. Texting: Why All the Fuss? Texting the Gr8Db8, Oxford University press,2008,pp 359-371.

Write Your Abstract: The Role of Renewable Energy in Combating Climate Change: Investigate how renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, can help mitigate climate change and reduce carbon emissions. write an abstract that summarizes the content of a research paper you could write on the topic. The abstract should briefly describe the following elements: Title: The title of your hypothetical paper, clearly reflecting the focus of your research. Topic/Problem: A brief description of the topic or problem your paper addresses. Research/Data: Mention the type of research or data you would use to explore the topic (e.g., literature review, case studies, experiments, surveys, etc.). Methodology/Framework: A brief description of the approach or theoretical framework you would use. Findings/Argument: Summarize the main findings or argument that your paper would present. Implications: (Optional) Briefly mention the broader implications or significance of your findings (if space allows). Formatting

1. Complete the readings assigned for this week (there are 5 short stories)

2. Your post should answer all the following questions with your interpretation and opinions on the readings.

3. For questions 2-4 you MUST choose different readings. You cannot use one reading for all the questions. Question 1 will ask you to name your favorite short story. You may use your answer from question 1 for another analysis question if you want.

4. Each question should be answered completely in at least 3 sentences (you can always write more).

The initial post is due by Thursday!

Points for your post: 10

Questions to Answer in your initial post:

1. What was your favorite short story this week? Why? What did you connect to most within the story (do you have a related experience? did you use a specific lens to view it? Why was it interesting to you?)
2. The theme of our class is identity. Pick one of the readings and explore this idea within one of the characters. Based on what you see in the short story, how would you describe the character’s identity? Does it shape the story? Or does the story/outside forces, shape their identity?
3. One main literary element covered this week is setting. Choose one story and dig into the setting. How is it described? How does it reflect or create the tone of the story?
4. Choose one story. Where do you see symbolism in the story? Name at least 2 items/animals/colors/characters/images that act as a symbol. How do you know? What meaning did the author give to them? What do they symbolize within the story?

What is the missing digit in the page numbers of the first source, Edgar Allan Poe? Explain why the page numbers in the Poe source omit a digit in the page numbers while the page number in the Goldman source do not. The page numbers in each source are underlined to direct you to the data in question.

To help illustrate the relationship of the audience to technical writing, you will read a short story, A Gravestone Made of Wheat, as well as two technical documents that pertain directly to the conflict of the story.

Task: You will write 3 memos or emails in total. You will determine whether a memo or the email format is more appropriate for each of your choices. You should have at least one email and one memo among your three choices. At the bottom of your memo or email, explain in a few sentences why you feel that is the most appropriate format for the message.

You will use the short story, the technical documents, as well as any additional research of your own to craft the content of your memos. Each message should be carefully crafted for its intended audience, conveying the required message.

You can choose any of the options below:

• From the Sheriff to Olaf explaining why Olaf cannot bury Inge on his farm, taking into account that Olaf did not petition for a permit, and there are health concerns about home burials
• From Olaf to the Sheriff petitioning to bury his wife on his farm, taking into account that Inge wishes to be buried there
• From the judge to Olaf explaining why Inge cannot become a citizen and thus cannot get married, keeping in mind the cultural concerns about German nationals as well as the judges assumptions about farmers
• From the judge to Inge explaining why she cannot become a citizen or get married, keeping in mind that she does not understand English well
• From Olaf or Inge to the judge explaining why they should be allowed to get married
• From Inge to a friend in Germany expressing a need for a letter of recommendation to support her petition for citizenship

Requirements: Each memo or email should be no more than 2-4 paragraphs in length and follow the conventions of the genre as outlined in class. Make sure that the content and language of your memos or emails reflect the writer and the receiver of each memo or email.

Persuasive Research Essay

(Due Sunday February 22nd by 11:59 PM in Canvas)

Overview:

For your final assignment, you will craft a persuasive, research-based essay on a real-world issue that matters to

you. Your goal is to take a clear stance and support it using credible research while also weaving in narrative

elements to create a compelling and emotionally resonant argument. This assignment highlights the power of

storytelling in academic writing and public discoursewhere facts and logic meet empathy and human

connection.

Purpose:

Strong arguments dont just rely on datathey also engage readers through story. Whether its a personal

anecdote, a historical example, or a compelling case study, narrative can bring issues to life. In this project, you

will demonstrate how effective persuasion blends logos (logic), ethos (credibility), pathos (emotion), and narrative.

Assignment Requirements

Topic: Choose a current, debatable issue with real-world relevance. It should be specific enough to research thoroughly and

broad enough to allow for multiple perspectives.

Length: 68 pages (double-spaced, 12 pt. font, 1-inch margins)

Thesis: Take a clear position and develop a focused thesis statement that outlines your argument.

Narrative Integration: Include at least two narrative elements (such as a personal story, a profile of someone affected by the

issue, or a historical or contemporary case study).

Research: Use a minimum of six credible sources (scholarly articles, reputable news, government or nonprofit data, etc.).

Citation: Follow MLA/APA format. Include in-text citations and a Works Cited/References page.

Evaluation Criteria:

• Clear, persuasive thesis and logical organization
• Thoughtful integration of narrative and evidence
• Effective use of sources with accurate citation
• Strong, engaging voice and style appropriate to audience and purpose
• Grammar, mechanics, and overall polish

Why This Matters

This project asks you to move beyond the typical research paper by writing with both the mind and the heart. It

reflects how persuasion happens in the real world: when data meets human experience. Whether youre

preparing for advocacy, professional writing, or future academic work, this skill will serve you well

Outline

I. Introduction

1. Hook: Start with a narrative momenta personal anecdote, a real-life event, or a story about someone impacted by the issue.

Set the emotional or human tone.

2. Context: Briefly introduce the general topic youll be exploring. Why does it matter now?

3. Thesis Statement: Take a clear position. Your thesis should include:

1. Your claim (your stance)

2. Your three main points

3. (should be one, concise sentence)

III. Main Point #1

State your first reason or key supporting idea.

2. Back it up with evidence (facts, statistics, expert quotes).

3. Explain the evidence clearlyhow does it support your thesis?

4. State your second reason or key supporting idea.

5. Back it up with evidence (facts, statistics, expert quotes).

6. Explain the evidence clearlyhow does it support your thesis?

Hint: You need at least two sources per body paragraph for a C paper. More is better!

IV. Main Point #2

1. State your first reason or key supporting idea.

2. Back it up with evidence (facts, statistics, expert quotes).

3. Explain the evidence clearlyhow does it support your thesis?

4. State your second reason or key supporting idea.

5. Back it up with evidence (facts, statistics, expert quotes).

6. Explain the evidence clearlyhow does it support your thesis?

Hint: You need at least two sources per body paragraph for a C paper. More is better!

V. Main Point #3

1. State your first reason or key supporting idea.

2. Back it up with evidence (facts, statistics, expert quotes).

3. Explain the evidence clearlyhow does it support your thesis?

4. State your second reason or key supporting idea.

5. Back it up with evidence (facts, statistics, expert quotes).

6. Explain the evidence clearlyhow does it support your thesis?

Hint: You need at least two sources per body paragraph for a C paper. More is better!

VII. Conclusion

1. Restate your thesis in a fresh way.

2. Remind the reader of your first body paragraphs main points

3. Remind the reader of your second body paragraphs main points

4. Remind the reader of your third body paragraphs main points

5. End with a call to thought or actionwhy should this matter to your reader now?

Research & Style Reminders

Sources: Use at least six credible sources (journal articles, credible news, books, etc.)

Narrative Integration: Include at least one distinct narrative element

Voice: Academic but personalaim for persuasive, passionate, and polished

Citation: Use MLA or APA style consistently for in-text and final references

Persuasive Research Essay Rubric

Total: 100 points (5 criteria worth 20 points each)

1. Thesis and Organization 20 points

Excellent (1820):

Presents a clear, persuasive thesis in a single focused sentence; organizes ideas logically; each section flows smoothly; transitions guide the reader without confusion.

Proficient (1417):

Thesis is present but may be broad or slightly uneven; structure is generally clear; some minor jumps or loose transitions.

Developing (1013):

Thesis is unclear or scattered; organization feels choppy; points appear in a loose pile rather than a progression.

Beginning (09):

No identifiable thesis; structure is missing or chaotic; paragraphs feel stitched together at 3 AM the night before.

2. Narrative Integration and Emotional Impact 20 points

Excellent (1820):

Uses narrative elements purposefully; stories deepen the argument; emotional impact enhances understanding without drifting into melodrama. Reader is engaged and informed.

Proficient (1417):

Includes narrative moments that support the topic, though some may feel loosely connected or underdeveloped.

Developing (1013):

Narrative appears briefly or randomly; emotional tone is uneven; connections to the argument are weak.

Beginning (09):

No narrative included or the narrative distracts from the argument entirely.

3. Research Quality and Citation Accuracy 20 points

Excellent (1820):

Uses six or more credible sources; evidence is well-chosen and consistently explained; citations are accurate and formatted correctly; Works Cited or References page is complete and polished.

Proficient (1417):

Uses required sources but with minor citation errors; explanations of evidence are mostly clear.

Developing (1013):

Fewer than six credible sources or weak source integration; frequent citation issues; explanations of evidence are limited.

Beginning (09):

Little to no research; unreliable sources; incorrect formatting; missing citations.

4. Voice, Style, and Audience Awareness 20 points

Excellent (1820):

Voice is confident, engaging, and appropriate for academic persuasion; tone balances logic and emotion; sentences are varied and clear. Reader feels guided, not lectured.

Proficient (1417):

Voice is mostly clear and appropriate but may lack energy or consistency; occasional awkwardness in tone.

Developing (1013):

Voice is inconsistent; tone may shift abruptly; writing may feel flat or overly casual.

Beginning (09):

Voice is unclear or inappropriate; style distracts from the message; reader is unsure who the essay is written for.

5. Grammar, Mechanics, and Overall Polish 20 points

Excellent (1820):

Grammar, punctuation, and mechanics are strong; errors are rare; formatting follows all assignment guidelines; the final draft looks clean and intentional.

Proficient (1417):

Some errors, but they do not interfere with meaning; formatting issues are minor.

Developing (1013):

Frequent errors that affect clarity; inconsistent formatting; proofreading appears rushed.

Beginning (09):

Errors obstruct meaning; formatting is incorrect or missing; paper appears unfinished.

31 POTENTIAL IDEAS SOCIAL + COMMUNITY ISSUES

1. Should community colleges be tuition-free for all students?2. Do schools need mental-health days built into the academic calendar?3. Should voting be mandatory in the United States?4. Should cities invest more in public transit rather than highways?

TECHNOLOGY + ETHICS

5. Is artificial intelligence a threat to creativity or a tool for it?6. Should social media platforms be legally responsible for misinformation?7. Should facial recognition technology be banned in public spaces?

EDUCATION + YOUTH LIFE

8. Should high schools start later in the day to improve student performance?9. Should students be allowed to retake major exams or essays for full credit?10. Is traditional grading outdated and harmful to student learning?

HEALTH + WELL-BEING

11. Should the U.S. ban all sugary energy drinks for minors?12. Should therapy be covered as fully as physical health in all insurance plans?13. Should fast-food restaurants be required to post warning labels?

ENVIRONMENT + CLIMATE

14. Should the government ban single-use plastics nationwide?15. Should climate refugees be granted protected status in the U.S.?16. Should cities replace lawns with drought-resistant landscaping?

ECONOMICS + WORK

17. Should the federal minimum wage be tied to inflation?18. Should gig-economy workers (Uber, DoorDash, Instacart) be classified as employees?19. Should the four-day workweek become standard?

LAW + JUSTICE

20. Should nonviolent drug offenders receive mandatory treatment rather than prison?21. Should the death penalty be abolished nationwide?22. Should police officers be required to wear body cameras at all times?

CULTURE + MEDIA

23. Should reality TV shows be required to disclose mental-health support available to contestants?24. Should celebrities be held accountable for promoting harmful products?25. Should streaming services be required to include content warnings?

HUMAN RIGHTS + GLOBAL ISSUES

26. Should the U.S. accept more refugees each year?27. Should global access to clean water be considered a fundamental human right?28. Should child labor laws extend to social-media kidfluencers?

FRESH TOPICS

29. Should schools eliminate homework entirely?30. Should financial literacy be required for graduation?31. Should cafeterias be required to serve culturally inclusive meals?

I located what the professor want us to base our essay on. the novel that Im attaching