Health Inequalities and Social Determinants of Health

-Assignment Overview and Significance

This assignment develops the scholarly competencies essential for your future academic career. You are expected to produce publication-ready manuscript that demonstrates mastery of healthcare policy/system and concepts within the Saudi context. The paper must reflect analytical thinking, rigorous methodology, and meaningful contribution to existing literature.

-Understanding Your Subject Deeply

Review systematic reviews and meta-analyses, Examine recent empirical studies, particularly those focused on Gulf Cooperation Council countries and Saudi Arabia specifically. Identify gaps, contradictions, and unresolved debates in the literature.

-Developing a Clear and Compelling Argument

must present a clear, defensible argument rather than merely summarizing existing literature. thesis statement should make a specific claim about healthcare in Saudi Arabia that you will support with evidence and reasoning throughout the paper. Structure argument logically, with each section building upon previous sections to create a coherent narrative. Anticipate counterarguments and address them thoughtfully. conclusion should demonstrate how argument advances understanding of chosen topic and identify implications for policy, practice, or future research.

-Philosophical and Theoretical Grounding

Engage meaningfully with relevant theoretical frameworks such as equity and justice frameworks in healthcare distribution. Do not merely mention theories superficially. Demonstrate how theoretical perspectives illuminate topic and inform analysis.

-Target Journal Selection and Formatting

Selecting an appropriate target journal is crucial. chosen journal must be indexed in Web of Science with a documented Impact Factor. Identify three to five potential journals and evaluating each based on scope alignment with your topic, recent publication of similar topics, Impact Factor and journal reputation, typical article length and format requirements, and review timeline considerations.

-Secondary Data Requirements

This paper requires secondary data from the Saudi healthcare system. Acceptable data sources include official statistics from the Saudi Ministry of Health, General Authority for Statistics

publications, Saudi Health Council reports and databases, Vision 2030 healthcare sector documentation, published research utilizing Saudi healthcare data, World Health Organization country profiles and regional reports, and Gulf Health Council comparative data. When presenting secondary data, clearly identify source. Ensure your data is current, with preference given to data from 2020 onwards.

-Tables and Figures Requirements

paper must incorporate at least three advanced tables or alternatively two tables with one informative figure. These visual elements should present complex information clearly and professionally, follow target journal’s formatting specifications exactly, be numbered consecutively and referenced in the text, include descriptive titles and necessary notes or legends, and contribute meaningfully to argument. Consider including comparative tables showing Saudi data alongside regional or international benchmarks, trend tables displaying changes over time in key indicators, summary tables synthesizing findings from multiple studies, conceptual figures illustrating theoretical frameworks or analytical models, and data visualization figures presenting statistical information graphically. Each table and figure should be interpretable independently while also being discussed thoroughly in text.

-Reference and Citation Standards

references must be predominantly from 2020 onwards, demonstrating engagement with current scholarship. Prioritize peer-reviewed journal articles indexed in reputable databases. Include relevant policy documents and official reports from Saudi sources. Verify all citations for accuracy and ensure consistent formatting throughout.

-Word Count and Length Guidelines

paper must be at least 8000 words, consistent with recent publications in target journal. This count typically excludes references, tables, and figures but includes all body text. Review target journal’s specific policies regarding word count calculations.

Week 1 Discussion: Differences Between Management and Leadership

In this weeks episode of Saving Sara, you saw that getting a job promotion doesnt necessarily create a leader. Sara took a management approach and a leadership approach to handle a situation. Watch both examples and describe the differences between management and leadership. Then, focus on one leadership trait that Sara exhibited. What advice would you give Sara to improve on that specific trait?Book:

Leadership: Theory and Practice New Edition Available

for laboratory exercise 5 please do the last page calculation and show the work and for the second file lab report 5 please part 4 and use citation

1. Graph the attached data using APA format. Your submitted graph should be computer generated (e.g., Excel). You should have 4 separate graphs. Each graph should include all phases for each participant. Your intervention phases should be labeled with the name of the intervention. See APA format.
2. Copy and paste your graphs into Word to submit your assignment in Canvas. You may need to take screen shots if the format is altered.
3. Use the attached checklist to ensure that your graph is accurately constructed.
4. After your data are graphed, label one occurrence of each of the following components using a text box and an arrow. Make sure to label the best example of each of the following across each participant. In other words, between the four participants, you will label only one instance of variability in responding. You should label only the best example.:
   • Variability in responding
   • Stability in responding
   • An immediate change of high magnitude
   • An increasing trend
   • A decreasing trend
   • Overlapping data between A and B phases (This requires two arrows for full credit)
   • Consistency across two or more intervention phases (This requires two arrows for full credit)

     I uploaded an example!!!!

Respond to the student in a minimum of 200 words: Use APA format

1. What is a health care program evaluation? Please define it with at least one scholarly reference.

Healthcare program evaluation is a systematic process for collecting and analyzing information to determine the relevance, effectiveness, and impact of a health program, informing decision-making and improving outcomes. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011), program evaluation is essential to public health practice. It involves examining whether a program is achieving its intended goals while using resources efficiently. Rossi et al. (2019) further define it as the use of social science research methods to systematically investigate the effectiveness of social intervention programs, adapting inquiry to the needs of decision-makers and stakeholders.

2. Share one reason why honing skills to evaluate healthcare programs is relevant to your career.

As an Administrator in an Oncology department, honing evaluation skills is directly relevant to my daily work. I currently manage a Fast Track Screening Colonoscopy Program, and understanding how to measure program effectiveness from patient throughput to screening outcomes allows me to identify gaps, justify resources, and communicate the program’s value to leadership. These skills also strengthen my dissertation research, which examines the administrative impact of prior authorization processes in specialty care.

Program: CDC’s Colorectal Cancer Control Program (CRCCP)

The CDC’s Colorectal Cancer Control Program (CRCCP) is a federally funded initiative designed to increase colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates nationwide. The program’s primary goal is to raise screening rates among adults aged 45 to 75 by partnering with clinics, hospitals, and community health organizations to implement evidence-based interventions shown to increase screening uptake. These interventions include patient reminders, provider assessments, reducing structural barriers such as mailing fecal screening tests directly to patients, and offering no-cost follow-up diagnostic colonoscopies for those with positive screening results. The population served consists primarily of high-need, underserved individuals including low-income adults, uninsured or underinsured patients, and racial and ethnic minority populations who face disproportionately higher rates of CRC incidence and mortality. Non-Hispanic Black and American Indian/Alaska Native populations bear the greatest burden of new CRC cases nationally, making equitable access to screening a central program priority.

Program measures reported include screening rates at partner clinics, the number of individuals screened annually, and increases in screening uptake over time. From July 2021 to June 2022, CRCCP partner clinics screened nearly 198,000 people a 35% increase from the prior year. The program currently funds 38 award recipients across states, universities, tribal organizations, and other entities, tracking performance through standardized data collection aligned with USPSTF guidelines (US Preventive Services Task Force, 2021). Research on early demonstration programs highlights that program costs and organizational structure significantly influence the scalability and sustainability of CRC screening initiatives (Subramanian et al., 2013).

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of the Director, Office of Strategy and Innovation. (2011). Introduction to program evaluation for public health programs: A self-study guide (103 pp.). US Department of Health and Human Services.

Rossi, P. H., Lipsey, M. W., & Henry, G. T. (2019). Evaluation: A systematic approach (8th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Subramanian, S., Tangka, F. K., Hoover, S., Beebe, M. C., DeGroff, A., Royalty, J., & Seeff, L. C. (2013). Costs of planning and implementing the CDC’s Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program. Cancer, 119(S15), 28552862.

US Preventive Services Task Force. (2021). Screening for colorectal cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA, 325(19), 19651977.

For this assignment, you must have the time to watch the movie and read instructions throughly before answering the questions((will provide a document with more instructions) but time is really important!!!!!! if you don’t have the time please do not pick this.

Mental illness/conditions have been the focus of mainstream media for many years. The purpose of the film Review assignment is to explain how mental illness/conditions are portrayed in the film.

Use reputable websites and/or research articles to answer questions and explain how mental illness is portrayed, diagnosed, and treated in the film. A comparison of these issues from the film will be made to present day diagnosis/treatment will be made. Please answer the following questions below. In your answers, where prompted, use specific scenes, or give specific examples from the film in your work. In your answers, where prompted, you must also use information from reputable websites (reputable websites are websites from formal and/or governmental agencies such as CDC, Mayo Clinic, SAMHSA, etc. or journal articles.

The Citation:

The citation should be in APA (7th edition) format. (Error free and in compliance with APA Manual of Writing Style. Up to 5 points).

In this assignment, cite both articles in this section following APA format/style/standards

Answer the following two questions. EACH one should be 250 words. A total of 500 words. You must answer each question separately.

Question 1: As an administrator, describe how you would prioritize and select a patient safety issue out of the many that likely exist in your organization. Why do you feel it is the most important for your organization to focus on? Describe how you would make this decision and what you would need to gain support to ensure successful rollout of an initiative to address the issue.

Question 2: *use MY RESULTS (attached)to answer question 2*

What do the results tell you about your emotional intelligence (make sure to identify your highest and your lowest scores)?

• Were you surprised with the results, or were they as you expected? Explain.
• What attributes of emotional intelligence do you demonstrate, and what are examples?
• Are there any opportunities for improvement?

Part I: Elicit Requirements

Document the requirements for your individual project. At a minimum, you should identify three-to five-high level requirements, functions, and features and fifteen-to twenty-five-detailed requirements. The requirements you identify will be used as the basis for the WBS.

Note. Provide the appropriate level of detail while maintaining a reasonable number of requirements since you will base your planning and scheduling in future assignments on these requirements.

Format your requirements in one of two ways:

• Simple Sentence format that outlines the high-level parent requirements and then breaks these down into multiple user requirements, which then flows into system requirements. “The system SHALL…”
• User Stories format, you will have high-level requirements known as Epics and in each Epic, you will have multiple User Stories that follow the formatted language: As a ROLE, I need a FUNCTION, so that I can, BUSINESS VALUE.

Note. Remember, your requirements should represent ALL the scope in your product and project.

Part II: Work Breakdown Structure

Create a WBS that identifies the following:

• Summary tasks – A summary task is a parent or top-level task that groups together a set of related detail tasks (subtasks). For example, the Summary task “System Integration Testing” might include detail tasks such as “Test User Interface”, “Test Data Integrations” and “End to End Testing”, these detail tasks should then be further decomposed to show more subtasks that are related to the detail tasks. Summary tasks organize related tasks in the WBS in a logical manner.
• Detail tasks – Subtasks to at least a level 3 decomposition (excellent submissions will include WBS level 4 under several Summary Tasks).
• Milestones – Project milestones mark specific events along a project’s timeline. They are checkpoints that identify when groups of activities included under a Summary task have been completed and/or a deliverable approved by the sponsor or customer. Milestones are used to communicate progress to stakeholders.
• Execution project management deliverables & tasks as well as closing tasks – Reminder that we are developing the execution schedule and budget phase of the project.
• Keep ALL of the tasks in column A of the Excel sheet (this will make it easier to import your task list to Project Plan 365 for the next assignment).
• DO NOT provide start dates, finish dates, duration estimates or Gantt charts (you will work on these items in subsequent lessons and assignments).

Note. While there is no minimum or maximum number of tasks, the expectation is that you will have between 75 100 tasks in your WBS and at least 3 to 4 levels of decomposition.

Cite any research or templates used consistent with APA style guidelines.

Use file naming convention: Student Name_Assignment Name

Submit your Requirements & WBS by the due date by clicking on the assignment in Canvas and uploading the document. Include a title page. Use Times New Roman, 12 point font.

Submission Requirement: This assignment is to be completed using Excel. Use one sheet in the Excel workbook to create the product/project functional and non-functional requirements and use a second sheet in the same workbook to create the WBS. You will only submit one file in total.

Communication Brief

Public Communication Brief

Purpose

To practice advocacy and professional communication by explaining the distinct nature of occupation and its role in health, wellness, and participation to a non-OT audience.

Instructions

1.Identify a target audience (e.g., caregivers, policymakers, employers, community members).

2.Develop a 12 page professional communication piece in one format: brochure/fact sheet, letter to policymaker, or blog/newsletter article.

3.Include: a) clear explanation of the distinct nature of occupation, b) at least two evidence-based examples, c) professional, audience-appropriate tone.

4.Cite at least 2 scholarly or professional sources using APA 7th edition.

Deliverable

12 page communication brief (Word or PDF) plus a short audience description (23 sentences).

**MAKE SURE TO SUBMIT ALL ARTICLES THAT YOU REFERENCE, FAILURE TO SUBMIT ANY ARTICLE WILL RESULT IN AN AUTOMATIC ZERO**

Assignment: Credentialing and LicensureFederal and State Requirements

Purpose

Demonstrate accurate knowledge of applicable national requirements for credentialing and requirements for licensure, certification, or registration, consistent with federal and state laws. You will analyze the federal level and two states: the state where you currently practice and one additional state where you might practice in the future.

What to Do

1. Address the federal level. Clearly explain national requirements relevant to credentialing and to licensure, certification, or registration. Define key federal elements that affect practice nationally.
2. Address your current state. Identify the correct state authority, the type of authorization required (licensure, certification, or registration), and the process, eligibility, renewal, and continuing competence requirements.
3. Address a second state. Repeat the same analysis for a different state you may want to practice in and explicitly compare similarities and differences with your current state.
4. Synthesize. Briefly explain how federal requirements interact with state requirements in day-to-day practice and mobility across state lines.

Deliverable

A written paper of approximately 3 to 5 pages of body text, not including title page or references. ***Submit as a Word document.

Required Sources

At least three references, all current and authoritative. Include one source for federal requirements, one source for your current state, and one source for the second state. Primary sources are strongly preferred, such as statutes, administrative code, or the official website of the relevant state board or federal agency.

Formatting

APA 7th edition. Include a title page, level headings, double spacing, 12-point font, one-inch margins, and properly formatted in-text citations and reference list.

**MAKE SURE TO SUBMIT ALL ARTICLES THAT YOU REFERENCE, FAILURE TO SUBMIT ANY ARTICLE WILL RESULT IN AN AUTOMATIC ZERO**