PSY 530 Module One Short Paper Guidelines and Rubric

Overview

This paper will help to you explain and apply significant contributor.

Prompt

Write a short paper on the history of social psychology and the people who have contributed to the field that engages the following:

1. How has the field of psychology changed over the course of history?
2. Who do you believe was the most significant contributor to the creation and evolution of social psychology throughout its history? Explain your reasoning.
3. How does knowledge of social psychologys history inform analysis of classic and modern social psychology theories and research?

Use the Shapiro Library for your research. Do not use internet references (e.g, .com, .org, .net websites).

What to Submit

Submit your short paper as a 2- to 3-page Microsoft Word document with double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, one-inch margins, title page, subject headers, and all sources cited in APA style within the text and in the reference section.

Also can you respond to these two discussions?

1.) The focus of social psychology shifted significantly after 1990 from considering only biology and/or culture when trying to explain an individual’s behavior. Neuroscience and biology advances allowed researchers to study and understand how the brain processes information, how hormones affect social behavior (emotion), attachment, and decision making, as well as how genetics impacts these processes. With a greater understanding of how the biological aspects of humans interact with each other and with culture, it was determined that biology provides the basic or foundational aspect of social behavior, but not as a fixed determinant of social behavior.

Also, as the use of biology in the explanation of social behavior increased, so did the importance of culture in explaining social behavior. Social psychologists began to recognize the variability of social behavior, values, and expressions of emotions across different cultures. Rather than assuming that there were universal psychological processes, social psychologists began to explore how culture influences how we express biological tendencies through cultural norms, beliefs, and social structures. In fact, as Hoss et al. (2019) argue, biology and culture work in tandem; biology provides the potential, and culture provides the direction and meaning to behavior.

Therefore, it is probable that the interdisciplinary nature of social psychology will grow in the future. Social psychologists will continue to develop research that combines neuroscience, genetics, and cultural studies to better understand the ways in which social environments affect the biological process over time. The integrated approach to developing a comprehensive understanding of social behavior will enable social psychologists to respond to complex social problems more successfully by acknowledging that human behavior is influenced by both the individual’s biological make-up and their experience with culture.

2.) In order to examine cultural processes, social psychology has been gradually incorporating biological sciences like stress physiology, neuroscience, and genetics since the 1990s. Researchers can now investigate how cultural experiences impact our biological systems and how these systems, in turn, shape culture, thanks to new technologies like neuroimaging, biomarker testing, and genomic analysis. This biocultural approach, according to Causadias, Telzer, and Lee (2017), goes beyond the traditional “nature versus nurture” argument by viewing biology and culture as interrelated components that interact to affect our feelings, ideas, and development.

According to research, cultural stressors like economic hardship, acculturation, and discrimination can have real biological effects like altering cortisol rhythms, heart rate variability, and allostatic load. According to cultural neuroscience, cultural norms and values influence the brain processes involved in controlling emotions and assessing oneself.

This change will probably continue to change the field by encouraging multilevel, interdisciplinary models of human behavior. Social psychology will examine the effects of structural inequality on individuals as biocultural research grows, bolstering the scientific justification for interventions at the system and policy levels. Future studies will examine how positive cultural experiences improve biological resilience, a topic that has only recently been covered in the literature. More focus on neuroscience, genetics, and ethical protections against biological essentialism will probably be emphasized in graduate training.

All things considered, social psychology is in a position to produce complex, contextually based explanations of risk, resilience, and well-being across a range of populations thanks to the integration of biology and culture.

For this assignment, you will submit an edited version of the research proposal that was the final project for PSY 510. Editing and incorporating feedback are two of the key skills that researchers need to master in order to produce high-quality writing. Indeed, all peer-reviewed articles have been written and rewritten many times; they are never completed in only one draft!

Rather than merely submitting the same version of the assignment that you submitted in PSY 510, it is important that you edit and improve the paper based on the feedback provided by your PSY 510 instructor. In addition to that feedback, please also refer to the document.

It is OK to make changes to your research question, hypothesis, or research methods, but please clear any substantial changes such as completely changing the problem statement with your instructor.

Also can you respond to these two discussions with references below? When responding to your classmates, offer scholarly suggestions for how they can address the challenges they have identified.

1.) The research question and hypothesis would be If theres a correlation between stress levels and the leisure activities done on a weekly basis. The hypothesis indicates that they would be an inverse relationship between the two variables showing that once the stress levels are reduced, that there would be an increase in leisure activity throughout the week. The challenges of collecting data surrounding self-reporting would be the risk of PSY 520 participants over or underestimating their response to stress and the part leisure plays to facilitate the ease of it. Its harder with self-reporting data collection to mak sure that theres clear answers within the research to interpret the data properly. A way that will be remedied would be making sure the questions within the study are detailed enough for the participants to answer them and not overthink answers. Another method of remedy would be to keep the timeframe low for how long they would be to participants in the study. As the research question shows, the goal is to test to see if theres any sign of lowered stress levels within a week timeline – giving a specific timeframe allows for the participants within the study to see if theyre able to implement the requirements and participate.

I look forward to reviewing everyones responses!

2.) This research study will seek to explore the quality of sleep or Sleep Efficiency, (SE) and Total Sleep Time (TST), while introducing sound that consists of white noise or music enhancement. This research study will collect data in reference to whether students prefer music, white noise or silence in their routine sleeping habits to improve their sleep quality and duration as a whole for overall sleep latency. In essence, music therapy helps students who desire an overall better quality of or longer duration for their sleep requirements or desires.

Hypothesis Question

This research study will explore if college students who practice the regular inclusion of a white noise in ones pre-sleep habits lead to higher subjective ratings of sleep latency and duration compared to college students who practice using music enhancement and/ or silence in their pre-sleep routines?

The data collection restraints and challenges of this research study would be the task of recollection and bias as it pertains to self-reporting the participants information in regards to their sleep quality and duration (Robbins et al. 2020). The participant could very easily misinterpret and/or embellish their results and factors regarding their sleep that are involved. Another challenging factor that is inherent of this research study is that of data security, where the usage of applications for sleep tracking can lack rigorous validation and may also pose a data privacy risks by sharing sensitive user data with third-party partners. (Robbins et al. 2020).To mitigate these challenges studies often recommend using a collection of methods, like and actigraphy to measure objective duration, combined with sleep diaries to determine subjective quality over an extended multi-night period (Robbins et al. 2020).

Attached Files (PDF/DOCX): Assistance_dogs_for_military_v.pdf, ArticleExplorationAssignmentInstructions.docx

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What Makes You YOU? What accounts for our behavioral proclivities, talents, abilities, personality, predispositions, intelligence, and temperament? Are we born with these differences? (Nature) Or do we acquire these differences from our parents influence, societal influence, friends, etc.? (Nurture)

Write a 2-4 page paper ( not including the Tile and reference page) explaining why the nature vs. nurture debate still exists. Is nature or nurture more important, or do we need both to develop? Include the questions listed above in your paper.

Use APA format and cite your sources.

Attached Files (PDF/DOCX): social psychology research paper.docx

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Identify ten (10) major psychology experiments that have influenced the field of psychology. Each answer must include the name/title of the experiment, the name of the researcher, a description of the experiment in 5 sentences, and the importance of the experiment in 3 sentences.

After reading the Psychology power point, complete both assignments. Type answers in red. Points will be deducted if not typed in red. Do PART 1 AND PART 2