956 – PROJECT COMMUNICATIONS ( GROUP D )

Task Assignment: Communications Coursework (Part A Group D & Part B)

You are required to complete the Communications coursework in a professional and academically correct manner. The work must include both Part A (Group D) and Part B (MATLAB Implementation). Please follow all instructions carefully and ensure clarity, accuracy, and completeness in all sections.

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# Part A: Theoretical Analysis (Group D)

You must solve all problems under Group D (Problems D1D5). Each problem should be presented clearly with full mathematical steps, explanations, and where required, graphical representations.

## General Requirements:

– Show all derivations and calculations step-by-step.

– Clearly state any formulas used before applying them.

– Provide brief explanations (not just final answers).

– Include plots where required (MATLAB is preferred).

– Add a short discussion after each question explaining the results.

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## Problem D1: DSB-SC Modulation and Analysis

– Derive and plot the frequency spectrum of the given DSB-SC signal.

– Calculate the signal power.

– Plot the demodulated signal using an envelope detector.

– Determine the in-phase and quadrature components ( v_c(t) ) and ( v_s(t) ).

– Plot the signal envelope and explain its physical meaning.

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## Problem D2: FM and PM Analysis

– For Frequency Modulation (FM), determine the maximum and minimum instantaneous frequencies.

– For Phase Modulation (PM), compute the instantaneous frequency using the derivative of the message signal.

– Clearly explain the difference between FM and PM behavior based on the results.

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## Problem D3: Sampling and Quantization

– Apply the Nyquist theorem to determine the minimum sampling rate.

– Compute the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for the given quantizer.

– Determine the number of bits required to reduce quantization error.

– Calculate the maximum quantization error.

– Evaluate the maximum achievable bit rate under bandwidth constraints.

– Provide interpretation of results.

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## Problem D4: Nyquist Pulse and Bandwidth

– Determine and plot the spectrum of the given pulse.

– Verify whether the pulse satisfies Nyquist criteria.

– Calculate suitable parameters for both baseband and passband systems.

– Justify all design choices.

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## Problem D5: M-PSK System Performance

– Compute required parameters to achieve the specified error probability.

– Compare performance for different values of M (e.g., 8-PSK vs 16-PSK).

– Discuss trade-offs between data rate and error performance.

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# Part B: MATLAB Simulation (Communication System Design)

You are required to design and simulate a complete digital communication system using MATLAB/Simulink.

## Objective:

Design a communication system capable of transmitting data over a noisy and non-ideal channel, and evaluate its performance.

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## System Design Requirements:

### 1. Transmitter:

– Generate binary data.

– Apply suitable modulation (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, or QAM).

– Include pulse shaping if necessary.

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### 2. Channel:

– Simulate a realistic communication channel including:

– Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN)

– Possible delay or distortion

– Optional multipath effects

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### 3. Receiver:

– Perform demodulation.

– Apply filtering and signal recovery.

– Implement synchronization if needed.

– Recover the transmitted data.

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## Simulation Tasks:

– Build the system using MATLAB or Simulink.

– Test different modulation schemes.

– Analyze system performance under different noise levels.

– Measure Bit Error Rate (BER).

– Compare performance results.

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## Analysis and Discussion:

– Explain how noise affects the system.

– Discuss which modulation technique performs best.

– Suggest improvements to enhance system reliability.

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# Report Requirements

The final report must include:

1. Introduction

2. Part A Solutions (Group D)

– Detailed solutions

– Plots and explanations

3. Part B Simulation

– System design

– Block diagram

– Results and analysis

4. Discussion

5. Conclusion

6. References

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# Individual Reflections (Mandatory)

Each group consists of 5 members, and every member must provide an individual reflection at the end of the report.

Each reflection should include:

– A clear description of the tasks performed by the student.

– The specific contribution to Part A and/or Part B.

– Skills and knowledge gained during the project.

– Challenges faced and how they were solved.

– Personal evaluation of the teamwork and project outcome.

Each reflection must be written separately and clearly labeled with the students name.

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# Additional Notes

– Ensure all work is original and properly referenced.

– Use clear formatting and professional writing.

– MATLAB files must be submitted along with the report.

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Deliver the work in a complete, well-organized, and academically correct format suitable for submission.

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