Instructions from the Syllabus: Students will submit a Journal as a final project. Submission will only be via Blackboard. Every chapter ends with questions; students must answer one (1) of these questions in their journal. Therefore, the Journal will contain 19 questions and responses, one for every chapter. This and all written assignments must be submitted in APA format, with requisite citation(s) and full reference(s). Not following these instructions will result in an automatic letter-grade deduction on the assignment.
CAUTION: Presenting the work of another person as ones own work including papers, words, ideas, information, computer code, data, evidence-organizing principles, resources found via artificial intelligence (AI), or style of presentation of someone else taken from the Internet, books, periodicals, or other sources constitutes plagiarism, which can and will result in serious academic penalties. Please no less than 300 words and no more than 600 words for each answer, it must have citations in each paragraph and the teacher wants the answer to each question to be introduction, body, and conclusion.
PLEASE NOT IA, the teacher is very strict
USE THE REAL LIFE EXAMPLE, if it helps you, I am RBT in a school with a 10 years old boy, in case you can put examples related to real life.
Chapter 1 , applications 6
Suppose you asked a friend, How did you acquire your particular
identityyour sentiments and preferences and attitudes? Then suppose the
friend responded, Im an individual. No one else influences me. I do my own
thing, and I select the sentiments and preferences and attitudes that suit me.
How would you explain to your friend what you learned in this chapter?
Chapter 2 applications 2
Reflect on your powers of concentration. Do you find it difficult to pon-
der important matters? Are you able to prevent the casual, semiconscious drift of
images from interrupting your thoughts? Do you have less control in some situa-
tions than in others? Explain
Chapter 3 application 1
Think of a recent situation in which someone referred inappropriately to my truth. Write two or three paragraphs, in your own words, explaining to that person what you learned in this chapter.
Chapter 4 application 5
It aint what a man doesnt know that makes him a fool, but what he
does know that aint so, wrote Josh Billings, a nineteenth-century American
humorist. Recall as many occasions as you can in which your own experience
confirmed his observation.
Chapter 5 applications 6
Which of the following would this author be likely to rate as most impor-
tant in forming a reliable opinion? Explain your reasoning.
a. Seek reasons to support your opinions.
b. Distinguish between input from experts and input from others.
c. Reject others opinions.
d. Subject opinions to ongoing reexamination based on new evidence.
Chapter 6 application 7
Many years ago an expert on thinking made this observation: Probably the main characteristic of the trained thinker is that he does not jump to conclusions on insufficient evidence as the untrained man is inclined to do.4 (Note: At
that time, he and man were commonly used to denote both men and women.)
Think of several recent occasions when you formed opinions with little or no evi-
dence. In each case state the opinion and explain what kind of evidence would be
necessary to support it adequately.
Chapter 7 application 3
When a serial murderer known as the Railroad Killer was being sought some years ago, the FBI interviewed people who had been in the areas of the crimes and might have seen the perpetrator. As a result of those reports, the FBI issued a Wanted poster for a Hispanic male of a certain description. During one of the press briefings, a reporter asked the FBI agent in charge of the search whether specifying that the suspect was Hispanic constituted discrimination.
How would you have answered if you had been that FBI agent? Present your answer in the form of an argument.
Chapter 8 application 5
Think of two illustrations of your own mine-is-better thinking. Describe that thinking and the way in which you first became aware of it. If you can, determine what caused you to develop that way of thinking.
Chapter 9 applications 8
Do you tend to be more biased for change or against it? Do you tend to be for it in some areas of life but against it in others? Be as specific as you can in describing your tendency.
Chapter 10 applications 6
In late August, the Lees, a Chinese American family, moved into Louises neighborhood, and Louise became acquainted with one of the children, Susan, a girl her own age. A week later, during school registration, Louise passed Susan
in the hall, but Susan didnt even look at her. Which of the following conclusions was Louise justified in drawing? (You may select more than one or reject all of them.) Explain your answer with appropriate references to the chapter.
a. Susan behaved rudely.
b. Susan is a rude person.
c. The Lees are a rude family.
d. Chinese Americans are rude.
e. The Chinese are rude.
f. Asians are rude.
Chapter 11 application 4
Which of the errors presented in this chapter have you committed? In each case explain the error and describe the circumstances under which it occurred.
Chapter 12 application 8
Sherri is a sophomore in college. When she is home for spring vacation, she is very irritable with her parents. She seizes every opportunity to criticize them and their values and manages to take offense at their every comment to her.
Just before she returns to college, she causes a row in which she accuses them of never having given her enough attention and love. Her parents are at a loss to understand her behavior. What they do not know is that for the past several months she has been living off-campus with her boyfriend and using the money her parents send her to help support him. Explain how this fact might have influenced her behavior toward her parents.
Chapter 13 application 5
Analyze the following case as was done in this chapter with the cases of Claude, Sam, and Stephen: A middle-aged couple, Ann and Dan, learn that their twenty-two-year-old daughter, a senior in college, is a lesbian. They are appalled. They were raised to believe that lesbianism is willful moral degeneracy. Struggling to cope with their new awareness, each begins to blame the otherAnn suggests that Dan has always been cold and aloof with the girl, and Dan claims
that Ann has smothered her with affection. After many hours of arguing, they decide that there is a more direct cause of her deviancethe college.
Youd think educated people would be alert to the danger of degeneracy 154 PART TWO The Pitfalls with all the girls crammed into dorms, Ann cries. Dan shouts, Damn it, Im going to send a letter to the chairman of that colleges board of trustees. I want the dean of students fired.
Chapter 14 application 2 b )
Apply your critical thinking to each of the following cases. Make a conscious effort to apply your new self-knowledge, anticipating the problems in thinking to which you will be vulnerable and resisting their influence on your
judgment.
b) Most peoples consciousness has been raised about the evil of child abuse, some peoples to the point of denouncing the practice of spanking children. But many others believe that spanking is not necessarily abusive and can be a positive means of developing childrens sense of right and
wrong and guiding them to responsibility and self-discipline. What is your view on this issue
Chapter 15 application 4
Think about how mannerly the students, faculty, and staff at your college are. Observe their behavior in various campus situations, noting examples of courtesy and rudeness.
Chapter 16 application 1
Apply the approach explained in this chapter to two of the following issues. Be sure to select issues that interest you, because applications in subsequent chapters will build on this one.
a. Is the U.S. federal income tax system in need of reform?
b. Is the teaching of sex education in elementary schools desirable?
c. Should divorce laws be tightened so that obtaining a divorce is more difficult?
d. Is it possible for a sane person to commit suicide?
e. Are students attention spans shrinking?
f. Should prostitution be legalized?
g. Should the lobbying of legislators by special interest groups be outlawed?
h. Should all advertising be banned from childrens TV (for example, from Saturday morning cartoon shows)?
i. Is devil worship a threat to society?
j. Is it reasonable to believe that some UFOs are extraterrestrial?
k. Are male athletes superior to female athletes?
l. Is political correctness a problem on your campus?
Chapter 17 application 1
Choose one of the specific issues you clarified in application 1 or 2 of Chapter 16. Conduct your inquiry into this issue in the manner explained in this chapter. Take careful notes.
Chapter 18 application 1
Analyze two of the following summaries in the manner demonstrated in the chapter. Be sure to get beyond your first impressions, and avoid the errors in thinking summarized in Chapter 13. Answer all the questions you raise, deciding
exactly in what ways you agree with the idea and in what ways you disagree.
b. It is commonly accepted that the best way to improve the world and relations among its people is for everyone to curb his or her own self-interest
and think of others. This concern with others is the basic idea in the Golden Rule and in most religions. It is, of course, questionable whether that goal is realizable. But, more important, it is mistaken. It is not selfishness but the pretense of altruism that sets person against person. If everyone looked out for himself or herself, and pursued his or her own interests, there would be not only less hypocrisy in the world but more understanding. Each person would be aware of where everyone else stood in relation to him or her. And no one would be dependent on others.
C. The institution of marriage has outlived its usefulness. More and more people today, particularly young people, are realizing that it makes more sense to have informal relationships. A couple should live together only as long as both individuals want to. Whenever one wants to end the relationship, he or she should be able to do so, neatly, without legal complications. This could be done if marriage were abolished. Everyone would benefit. People would retain their individual freedom and be able to fulfill their own need to develop as a person, responding to their own
changing values and interests.
Chapter 19 application 11
What people view on television or in films cant affect their thinking and actions, argue many in the artistic community. Those who disagree point out that the same artistic community creates public service messages aimed at chang-
ing peoples minds about drinking and driving, having sex without condoms, and abusing the environment. These critics reason that if a medium has the power to help, it also has the power to harm, and they urge artists and programmers to take an honest look at the messages they put on the screen. Which point of view is more insightful?