The papers should not be long–no more than 2 pages (500 words minimum). Read the document and respond to the questions at the end. Number your responses to correspond to the questions and answer each question in a new paragraph. Each paragraph should include support drawn directly from the source. I look for more than a simple factual answer to the question. Tell me why you think your answer is correct. In other words justify your answer from the document itself or by logical reasoning about its contents and the events that brought it about. Show me that you have thought seriously about what you have read. Questions: The American Civil war was fought, in Abraham Lincoln’s words, because the Union could no longer exist “half slave and half free.” Four Million Americans in the southern states were held in bondage. Many northerners believed that slave owners wanted to extend this system, while southerners felt that northerners were out to destroy their wealth, their “peculiar institution” of black chattel slavery. Questions: 1) Why did the Dred Scott decision galvanize opposition to slavery among northerners? 2) What were Helper’s, Fitzhugh’s, Lincoln’s and Douglas’s views on black people? (Were they racists?) 3) What persuasive strategies did the different participants in the slavery debate use to make their points? 4) What were the fundamental conflicts between the various individuals in the sources?

World War 1 was the first global industrialized war, requiring participation of not just soldiers in the field, but workers on the home fronts.

Using the documentary films provided in Unit 7, describe how new technologies and industrial production shaped the nature of the First World War.

Using the docs in Unit 8, describe how World War 1 unfolded in Africa. How was the conflict in Africa different from the conflict in Europe?

ONLY USE THE SOURCES PROVIDED IN THE CONTENT SECTION OF UNITS 7 AND 8.

Only use the sources provided in the Content Section.

Unit 7 films

Unit 8 films

Chapter 23: Americans in the Great War, 1914-1919

23.1 Discuss Woodrow Wilsons difficulties of maintaining American neutrality at the outset of World War I.

23.2 Explain the key factors that led to the U.S. declaration of war on Germany in April 1917.

23.3 Identify the steps taken by the U.S. government to secure enough men, money, food, and supplies to prosecute World War I.

23.4 Recall how the U.S. government attempted to sway popular opinion in favor of the war effort.

Instructions

K-W-L Chart

Create a K-W-L Chart. Your chart will have three columns (or sections). This should not be an essay.

Under the first column (or section) write down three things you knew about World War I before you read the chapter. This is the K part of the chart.

Under the second column (or section) write down three things you wanted to know (or were curious) about World War I. This is the W part of the chart.

Under the third column (or section) discuss what you learned about: 1. German unrestricted submarine warfare (pp. 610-611), and the 2. Zimmermann telegram (p. 611), and 3. explain how the political cartoon above, “The Temptation” (figure 23.6 on p. 611) relates to this topic. This is the L part of the chart.

The grade for this assignment is broken down as follows: K (25%); W (25%); and L (50%). Your answers should not just be lists of items or short definition-type responses. Make sure to include enough supporting details in each column. Your response for K must be 6 or more sentences long. Your response for W must be 6 or more sentences. Your response for L must be 12 or more sentences.

Turnitin: The only sources you may consult to do this assignment are your required textbook and the provided image. If any material from other sources (including internet sources, AI generated text, or AI modified text) is found on the assignment, the assignment will earn a zero (no points). Always write everything in your own words.

Warning: I assure you that Turnitin is very good at catching plagiarism and AI use.

I have attached the required reading Chapter 23 the photo attached is also in the chapter

You have to use the book, ” A HISTORY OF MODERN EUROPE” 4TH edition, volume 2, by John Merriman for this essay.

Compare and contrast the industrialization of 1870-1914 with the industrialization of the early nineteenth century. Which industries developed? How were regional differences in industrialization the same or different? In what ways were the lives of workers and the culture in general changed?

Papers (30%): Each student will submit a 6 to ten page paper, due at the end of the course. The paper will require both primary-source analysis as well as outside research, based on the following assignment: Select a primary source from any period in Brazils history up to 1889, on any topic. Write an analysis of that primary source, making an argument about what it demonstrates to you as a historian. You will need to (1) use specific examples from the primary source in question to demonstrate the validity of your argument; (2) draw on secondary sources to broaden your knowledge of the document and its context, as well as to provide such context for your reader. You will also want to relate your own argument to those made by the secondary sources you consult. (For example, if you were to make an argument about a particular musical genre based on a song, you would need to respond toagreeing or disagreeing, or perhaps tweakingthe arguments of scholars who have written about that genre. Likewise, if you were to make an argument about racial attitudes based on a poem, your argument and your paper must take into account previous scholarship on race and on that poem.) Examples of potential primary source materials include: laws and constitutions; government proclamations; political speeches; songs, poems, or other works of art; intelligence or military documents; memoirs; and many other forms. You should plan to select your primary source as soon as possible so that you can locate, read, and incorporate secondary source materials into your research and writing. For this assignment, you must consult only academic secondary sourceswebsites, journalistic accounts, and other non-scholarly works are not appropriate. You should plan to consult at least three books and four to five articles. Students should keep in mind that their papers will not be accepted should they fail to conform to the following standards: word-processed; double-spaced; in 12-point, Times New Roman or Cambria font with standard (1-inch) margins; and proofread until free of spelling and grammar errors. Citations should be formatted in accordance with the Chicago Manual of Styleuse footnotes and a list of sources. To learn more about Chicago-style citation, please see a reference librarian

In this activity, you’ll build on your activity by analyzing a written primary and secondary source related to your selected historical event or issue. You’ll practice comparing perspectives, evaluating how sources support or challenge each other, and making connections to a modern-day issue from your research question. Think critically about the sources you select and how they relate to a current issue. You’ll also reflect on the challenges of interpreting both visual and written historical materials to help you develop a stronger, evidence-based argument for your final submission.

Topic: The Salem Witch Trials Massachusetts 1692-1693

PART 1: INTRODUCTION (Approximate 1 paragraph)

• Begin by introducing your assigned religious war: its name, location, and approximately when it occurred.
• Then, explain the Prisoner’s Dilemma and why it’s important to use when analyzing your conflict in two or three sentences.
• The main idea is this: when two sides are in conflict, they each must decide whether to cooperate or betray, and their choice influences everything that follows.
• Conclude your introduction with a thesis statement: one sentence that states the war’s name, identifies the region, and clearly expresses whether the war’s long-term outcome moved the region toward justice or away from it.

For example, a paper on the French Wars of Religion might argue that the repeated cycle of betrayal between Catholics and Protestants left France with a tradition of religious distrust that influenced its laws for centuries.

A thesis cannot say “this paper will discuss” or “there were many effects.” It must present a clear, specific argument.

PART 2: What changed (Approximate 2 paragraphs)

• This section explains how the war permanently transformed the specific area where it took place.
• Make sure to address all three of the following points within your two paragraphs.
• Government: Who gained control after the war, and how does that outcome continue to influence the region today?

For example, after the Thirty Years’ War concluded in 1648, the Peace of Westphalia granted European rulers the authority to choose their own religion. This decision restructured political power across the continent, and its impact on the relationship between religion and government in Europe can still be seen today.

• Religion: Did one faith dominate while others were driven out or erased? For example, after the Spanish Reconquista ended in 1492, Muslims and Jews were completely expelled from Spain. By 2026, Spain will be mostly Catholic, a result of those forced removals centuries ago.
• Daily Life: How did regular people experience these changes? Did families flee? Did some convert out of fear? Did certain languages, art forms, or traditions disappear? These everyday details show the real human cost of the conflict.

In at least one part of this section, link a specific Prisoner’s Dilemma outcome to one of these historical changes:

• Both betrayals indicate that both sides resorted to violence rather than compromise, and each suffered consequences.
• One Side Betrays and the other Cooperates means one side reached out, was rejected, and that broken trust influenced subsequent events.

Use evidence from your research to clearly illustrate this connection. clear.

PART 3: The group history forgot (Approximate 1 paragraph)

• Every religious war has a group that most history books skip over; not the kings, generals, or church leaders, but the people with the least power who still had to live through it all.
• This could be women, children, peasants, refugees, or the side that lost.
• Identify who that group was in your conflict, explain what the war specifically meant for them, and connect their situation to where that region stands in 2026.

For example, during the Crusades, Jewish communities living in European cities were often massacred by Crusading armies before those armies even left for the Holy Land. They were not involved in the conflict, had no say in the decisions made, and had no way to cooperate or betray; they were simply in the path of violence. By 2026, some European cities will feature monuments and memorials to those communities, but others have never been officially recognized.

• If the group you are writing about had no real power to cooperate or betray, say that directly and explain what it reveals about the Prisoner’s Dilemma when the two sides are not actually equal.

PART 4: Conclusion (Approximate 1 paragraph)

This is the most important paragraph in the paper:

• Take a clear stance: did the long-term result of this war bring the region closer to justice or push it further away?
• Don’t just restate what the paper already discussed; make a strong argument. Back up your position with specific facts about what that region will look like in 2026.

For example, a paper on the Northern Ireland Troubles might cite the Good Friday Agreement and the peace that followed as evidence of a region gradually moving toward justice, while also noting that sectarian divisions between Catholic and Protestant communities are still visible in neighborhoods, schools, and politics today.

Connect the conclusion back to at least one outcome of the Prisoner’s Dilemma.

• If both sides betrayed each other repeatedly, is that cycle still playing out? If one side cooperated and was betrayed, did that broken trust leave a mark that is still visible today?
• End with a final sentence that answers the central question directly and leaves no doubt about where the paper stands.

Final Checklist

• 500 or more words.
• Third person only: no “I,” “we,” or “you.”
• A thesis that names the war and the region and takes a position.
• Changes to government, religion, and daily life are traced to 2026.
• At least one Prisoner’s Dilemma scenario was used in Part 2 with evidence from research forms.
• An overlooked group was identified and connected to the region in 2026.
• At least one Prisoner’s Dilemma scenario is used in Part 3 or Part 4.
• At least two artifacts from the research forms referenced in the paper.
• At least four sources and two historical documents to support a reasoning in APA format.
• A clear moral judgment about the specific region in 2026.
• A final sentence that directly answers the central question.

16 Cases of Mission Command Case 9. Thunder Run in Baghdad, 2003