Category: Research & Summaries

Please answer each question in about 500-750 words. The only resources you need are the readings assigned through week 2, and your personal thoughts and insights. This should be done in Microsoft Word.

Question 1: Power & Privilege

In what ways do power & privilege matter in conflict?

Avruch, in “Type I and Type II Errors in Culturally Sensitive Conflict Resolution Practice”, discusses two common/possible errors that analysts and conflict intervenors may make. Briefly describe the essence of each error and its potential consequences. How does Type II error relate to privilege?

Reference:

Avruch, Kevin. “Type I and Type II Errors in Culturally Sensitive Conflict Resolution Practice.” Conflict Resolution Quarterly 20, no. 3 (2003): 351-71.

Question 2: Gender

What are some of the ways in which gender is relevant to conflict? Give 2-3 examples.

What are the possible consequences of not seeing gender/not applying a gender lens?

Reference

1. Tyler & Beinstein. The Necessity of Seeing Gender in Conflict.

2. Christ, Carol. Patriarchy as a System of Male Dominance Created at the Intersection of the Control of Women, Private Property, and War, Parts 1, 2, 3

3. Hedstrm, Jenny. Militarized Social Reproduction: Womens Labour and Parastate Armed Conflict. Critical Military Studies 8, no. 1 (January 2, 2022): 5876. https://doi.org/10.1080/23337486.2020.1715056.

12-14 page research paper on asian descent

The 15-page literature review checkpoint serves as an accountability marker to ensure students are making productive writing progress. The 15-pages do not have to be in chronological or consecutive order. For example, a student may submit five pages in one subsection and 10 pages in another subsection or any combination. Writing must be formatted using APA-7 guidelines and use Times New Roman 12-point font (double-spaced). Include page numbers in the top right corner, and a running header in the top left corner.

• Title Page: Use the title page template that is provided on Canvas. Give your dissertation a working title, understanding that it might change over the next several semesters.
• Organization: Use headings and subheadings, as appropriate. Follow APA-7 guidelines.
• Content: Synthesize relevant literature related to your research topic. Do not merely summarize.
• Reference Page: Ensure your reference page is properly formatted (APA-7) and that you include the DOI for citations that have them. Include a minimum of 25 references, ensuring that at least 20 are scholarly peer-reviewed sources. Make sure that you include references published across a range of years and decades, with careful attention to recent works published in the last 10 years, including the current year.

How to submit

Do not go directly to the TurnItIn website. TurnItIn is embedded in Canvas so use this assignment to upload your paper to TurnItIn for analysis and grading.

What is a literature review?

A literature review is a summary and analysis of existing research on a topic.

A good literature review should survey the current state of knowledge, identify gaps in knowledge, and synthesize findings – this means put the ideas from different sources together to show how they connect rather than summarizing them individually.

Is a literature review different from a term paper or research paper?

Yes.

A term paper focuses on arguing a point and using scholarly sources as support. Similarly, a research paper answers a specific research question using existing data or your own data as supporting evidence. Term and research papers will typically be much longer and in depth than a literature review. The requirements for your literature review paper are described below.

Paper format

The paper must be submitted in Microsoft Word format (*.docx) in 12pt font (Arial, Aptos, Calibri, Helvetica, Times New Roman). It should consist of the following:

Cover page with the title of your paper, your name, Biology 499, and the date, all centered horizontally and vertically on the page.

The body of the paper should be no more than 5 pages and no less than 3 full pages of double-spaced text. You are providing an overview of the articles that you will use for your presentation. See the grading rubric for expectations. Use the APA format for citing the work of others. You will be graded on spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

The Literature Cited page (Bibliography or References, if you prefer) should reflect the sources of all citations made in the paper. A good paper will be expected to have at least 3 or 4 references from peer-reviewed journals. This page should be formatted following APA guidelines.

Critical information about TurnItIn detection of plagiarism and AI writing

TurnItIn will scan your document for plagiarism and report a similarity index – the percentage of your paper that matches another paper. Please submit your paper to TurnItIn early enough to get a similarity index and make the necessary revisions before the deadline. It may take 24 hours for TurnItIn to generate the similarity index.

TurnItIn will also analyze your document and report an AI index – the percentage of your paper that is detected as AI writing. You will not see the AI index when you turn in your paper. Only the instructor will see the AI index. This means that you should be extremely careful not to abuse AI. The policy on acceptable use of AI in this course is described in the

A similarity index or AI index higher than 20% will result in a score deduction or a failing grade depending on the severity of the infraction.

Plagiarism

Your paper must be your original writing!

Grambling State University considers any form of academic dishonesty a very serious offense. Regarding your research paper and your PowerPoint presentation, plagiarism will result in a grade of 0 on this component of the course (50% of the course grade) and will therefore result in a grade of F in the course. Be very careful to properly cite the work of others including, graphs, images, etc. that you might include in your PowerPoint presentation.

Copying someone else’s work without credit is plagiarism. There are other less obvious forms of plagiarism that you must avoid.

1. Plagiarism includes rearranging or substituting words.
2. Plagiarism includes
3. Plagiarism includes self-plagiarism if you have submitted a similar paper for another course.

Grading

Please review the rubric for information on how your paper will be graded.

Criteria	Points	Description
Introduction/Overview of Topic	2	The paper provides a clear and concise introduction to the topic, explaining the research topic, significance, and the scope of the review.
Content and Depth	5	The literature review effectively synthesizes relevant studies, demonstrating a deep understanding of the topic. The student presents comprehensive and balanced coverage of the topic.
Critical Analysis and Discussion	3	The review critically analyzes the research articles, discussing strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in the current literature. The student offers thoughtful insights.
Organization and Structure	2	The paper is well-organized, with a logical flow of ideas and clear headings or subheadings. Transitions between sections are smooth.
Use of Sources	2	The paper incorporates at least 3-4 peer-reviewed journal articles, all properly cited in APA format. References are relevant and appropriately integrated into the paper.
Writing Quality	1	The paper is clearly written, with minimal errors in spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

Total Points: ______ / 15

provide the reference for your first selected article, formatted correctly using APA 7 guidelines. This means you must present the articles authors using last names and initials, include the year of publication in parentheses, write the article title using sentence capitalization, and italicize the journal title and volume number. You must also include the issue number (if available), page number or article number, and the DOI link. When submitting, ensure the reference is typed in Times New Roman size 12, double-spaced, with 1-inch margins and a hanging indent if it appears on a references page. The goal of this task is to demonstrate that you can accurately format a scholarly source according to APA standards.

By the end of this exercise, you will be able to:

• Use transcription software to transcribe data
• Clean transcripts for coding and analysis

my research topic is all included into files

Prompt

1. Transcribe your data (applies to interviews and focus group discussions).
2. Clean the data gathered (applies to everyone).
3. Submit both the original and cleaned transcripts (applies to everyone):
   • In the cleaned transcript(s), highlight the portions you edited.
4. Submit your work as PDF or .docx files.

then….

1. Download the transcript labeled Participant Q. (in files attached)
2. Skim the transcript independently.
3. Highlight phrases or sections you think are important for answering the research questions.
   • Use the comment feature in Google Docs or MS Word.
   • The labels/keywords you assign to highlighted text are called codes.
4. For each code, include:
   • A brief explanation of what the code means
   • One example quote from the transcript that best represents the code
5. In groups of 5, compare your codes and agree on five shared codes that best summarize the transcript and answer the research questions.
6. For each of the five group codes, include:
   • A brief explanation of what the code means
   • One example quote from the transcript that best represents the code
7. Submit one file that includes:
   • Each group members individual codes
   • The final five group codes, with definitions and exemplar quotes

   (I am working on this alone not as a group)

Rely on the resources in Canvas to inform your responses. When writing short essays, use complete sentences and provide appropriate citations when necessary.

1. Create a scenario that requires you to conduct an economic evaluation. Using the same scenario, provide one example when you would conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis, a costutility analysis, and a costbenefit analysis? Rely on the resources in Canvas to inform your responses.
2. Match the question to the best possible answer.

Questions

• How do the costs associated with this program compare to two other program alternatives?
• Is there a net social benefit?
• What is the ratio of costs per student?

Terms

• Cost-utility analysis
• Cost-benefit analysis
• Cost-effectiveness analysis

1. In the case of economic evaluations generally, the goal is to __________ costs and benefits, using an __________ to choose between __________, __________, __________, or project alternatives, or between the __________ and one or more alternatives.
2. What is an ex ante analyses? Second, at what point in the performance management cycle would you conduct this type of analyses? Lastly, do the goals of an ex ante analyses differ ex post analyses
3. Cost-effectivenes analysis is preferred to cost-benefit analysis by many evaluators, especially in health. Why is this the case? Do you agree that CEA should be the preferred choice over CBA? Provide specific examples to illustrate your point.
4. Discuss the strengths and limitations of economic analysis as an approach to evaluating projects and programs.
5. What is the difference between direct and indirect costs? Consider your current field/clinical placement. Provide an example of each.
6. The only use of performance measurement information in public sector organizations is to improve accountability. True/False
7. The attribution problem in performance measurement has to do with not being able to find valid measures of program results. True/False
8. A counterfactual condition is sometimes used in program evaluations to represent what would have happened without the program. True/False
9. What is the purpose of an organizational logic model in designing performance measurement systems?
10. The Government Performance and Results Act was intended to bring performance measurement to all state governments in the United States. True/False
11. Fundamentally, program evaluation facilitates describing program results, and performance measurement is aimed at asking why those results occur. True/False
12. What are the four criteria for clear program objectives?
13. What are the four clusters of performance measures typically included in a balanced scorecard?
14. What is a performance measurement? Then, consider your current field/clinical placement. Describe three programs, policies, or initiatives being implemented. For each program/policy/initiative, identify at least two measures or key performance indicator for each program, policy, or initiative discussed.
15. In the open systems/biological metaphor, organisms interact with their environments in a reciprocal fashion with a goal of achieving homeostasis.
16. Triangulation involves having two or more measures of the same construct in a logic model. True/False
17. McDavid et al. (2019) identified four types of organizations (p. 386). What are the four types of organizations? Then, consider your field/clinical placement. Which classification most closely resembles your field/clinical placement? Justify your response. My field placement is South Carolina Department of Social Service – CPS Department
18. There is a clear difference between formative and summative evaluations. Determine whether the definition and the types of studies listed below are representative of formative or summative evaluations. Move the definition and studies under the correct category.

Categories

• Formative Evaluation
• Summative Evaluation

Definitions

• Qualitative evaluation
• Cost-utility analysis
• Cost-effectiveness analysis
• Cost-benefit analysis
• Typically conducted internally to improve efficiency and/or effectiveness of existing policies, programs, or initiatives.
• Experimental design
• Customer satisfaction survey
• Empowerment Evaluation
• High stakes evaluation to determine whether the program should be continued, expanded, or contracted.
• Ad hoc evaluations

1. This question requires you to apply course content knowledge to your field/clinical placement. My field placement is South Carolina Department of Social Services- CPS Department.

• Accredited institutions or programs are required to demonstrate alignment between accreditation standards and the institutional/programmatic practices. At the nexus of the accreditation process is the capacity of leaders to design and implement program evaluation systems that are meaningful.
• Identify a set of standards that govern your field/clinical placement. (See Resources on Accreditation or leverage the organization’s strategic plan.)
• Then, describe the current process for evaluating a policy, program, or initiative.
• Describe the type of data and ways that data is collected to support the program evaluation process.

1. Consider your professional experiences, your field/clinical placement, and the content in this course. Identify at least three challenges to the development and implementation of an evaluative culture.

McDavid et al. (2019). Chp. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,

Kennedy (2024). Chp. 5.

Write a personal narrative essay (750-900 words) that focuses on a meaningful moment or experience that shaped your perspective on a specific aspect of life (e.g., family, friendship, personal growth, or a challenge overcome). The essay should tell a complete story with clear beginning, middle, and end, while demonstrating mastery of basic narrative elements.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

– Apply key narrative techniques (plot structure, character development, setting, and point of view)

– Use descriptive language and sensory details to engage readers

– Develop a clear central theme or message that ties the narrative together

– Follow standard academic formatting and grammar guidelines

REQUIREMENTS

1. Content:

– Tell a true personal story from your own experience

– Include a clear thesis statement that previews the narratives focus and theme

– Use first-person point of view (“I”) consistently

– Incorporate at least three types of sensory details (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)

2. Structure:

– Introduction: Hook the reader and introduce the context of the story

– Body Paragraphs (3-4): Develop the narrative sequence with logical transitions

– Conclusion: Reflect on the experience and explain its significance

3. Formatting:

– Double-spaced, 12-point Times New Roman font

– 1-inch margins on all sides

– Include a creative title centered at the top of the first page

– MLA style heading in the top left corner (your name, instructors name, course title, date)

4. Deadline: Submit via the course learning management system by 11:59 PM on [insert date e.g., February 28, 2026]

SUBMISSION GUIDELINES

– File type: Microsoft Word (.docx) or PDF only

– File name: LastName_FirstName_ENG101_NarrativeEssay.docx

– Include a separate cover sheet with your name, student ID, course code, and assignment title

GRADING CRITERIA

– Narrative Structure & Organization (25%)

– Use of Narrative Techniques & Sensory Details (25%)

– Clarity of Theme & Reflection (20%)

– Grammar, Spelling, & Punctuation (20%)

– Fo

Write a personal narrative essay (750-900 words) that focuses on a meaningful moment or experience that shaped your perspective on a specific aspect of life (e.g., family, friendship, personal growth, or a challenge overcome). The essay should tell a complete story with clear beginning, middle, and end, while demonstrating mastery of basic narrative elements.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

– Apply key narrative techniques (plot structure, character development, setting, and point of view)

– Use descriptive language and sensory details to engage readers

– Develop a clear central theme or message that ties the narrative together

– Follow standard academic formatting and grammar guidelines

REQUIREMENTS

1. Content:

– Tell a true personal story from your own experience

– Include a clear thesis statement that previews the narratives focus and theme

– Use first-person point of view (“I”) consistently

– Incorporate at least three types of sensory details (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)

2. Structure:

– Introduction: Hook the reader and introduce the context of the story

– Body Paragraphs (3-4): Develop the narrative sequence with logical transitions

– Conclusion: Reflect on the experience and explain its significance

3. Formatting:

– Double-spaced, 12-point Times New Roman font

– 1-inch margins on all sides

– Include a creative title centered at the top of the first page

– MLA style heading in the top left corner (your name, instructors name, course title, date)

4. Deadline: Submit via the course learning management system by 11:59 PM on [insert date e.g., February 28, 2026]

SUBMISSION GUIDELINES

– File type: Microsoft Word (.docx) or PDF only

– File name: LastName_FirstName_ENG101_NarrativeEssay.docx

– Include a separate cover sheet with your name, student ID, course code, and assignment title

GRADING CRITERIA

– Narrative Structure & Organization (25%)

– Use of Narrative Techniques & Sensory Details (25%)

– Clarity of Theme & Reflection (20%)

– Grammar, Spelling, & Punctuation (20%)

– Formatting & Submission Requirements (10%)rmatting & Submission Requirements (10%)

Conflict Assessment, Early Warning, and Prevention. Case Study Liberia 14 years Civil War

Thoughts to Ponder:

What indicators may give us early warning that violent conflict is about to occur?