Bright Academic Experts

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  • sistem peredaran darah manusia

    sistem peredaran darah manusia

    Komponen Pada Sistem Peredaran Darah

    Sistem peredaran darah manusia terdiri dari tiga komponen utama yang meliputi jantung, pembuluh darah, dan darah itu sendiri.

    1. Jantung

    Jantung merupakan organ yang berfungsi sebagai pompa untuk mengedarkan darah ke seluruh tubuh. Jantung memompa darah melalui dua sirkulasi utama, yaitu:

    • Sirkulasi pulmonalis (sirkulasi paru-paru). Mengalirkan darah dari jantung ke paru-paru untuk mengambil oksigen dan melepas karbon dioksida.
    • Sirkulasi sistemik, mengalirkan darah dari jantung ke seluruh tubuh untuk mendistribusikan oksigen dan nutrisi serta mengangkut produk limbang kembali ke jantung.

    2. Pembuluh darah

    Pembuluh darah merupakan komponen sistem peredarah darah di mana aliran darah berada. Pembuluh darah terdiri dari tiga jenis, yaitu:

    • Arteri: Pembuluh darah yang membawa darah dari jantung ke seluruh tubuh.
    • Vena: Pembuluh darah yang membawa darah kembali ke jantung.
    • Kapiler: Pembuluh darah kecil yang penghubung arteri dan vena.

    3. Darah

    Darah adalah cairan yang mengalir melalui pembuluh darah dan memiliki berbagai fungsi penting pada tubuh. Darah sendiri terdiri dari komponen seperti:

    • Sel darah merah (pembawa oksigen).
    • Sel darah putih (melawan infeksi).
    • Platelet (membantu pembekuan darah).
    • Plasma (mengangkut zat terlarut seperti nutrisi dan produk sampingan metabolisme).

    Fungsi Peredaran Darah Manusia

    Fungsi utama sistem peredaran darah adalah memastikan kelangsungan hidup semua organ tubuh. Sistem ini juga memastikan tubuh mendapatkan oksigen serta nutrisi yang diperlukan untuk tetap berfungsi.

    Fungsi lain dari sistem peredaran darah pada manusia yaitu:

    • Transportasi oksigen dan nutrisi. Darah membawa oksigen yang berasal dari paru-paru ke sel-sel tubuh dan mengangkut nutrisi dari saluran pencernaan ke seluruh tubuh.
    • Mengangkut produk limbah. Darah membawa produk limbah pada tubuh seperti karbon dioksida dan urea ke organ-organ ekskresi seperti paru-paru dan ginjal untuk kemudian diproses dalam proses pembuangan.
    • Mengatur suhu tubuh. Sistem peredaran darah mampu mengatur suhu tubuh dengan mendistribusikan panas ke seluruh bagian tubuh.
    • Sebagai pertahanan tubuh. Sel darah putih dalam tubuh memiliki fungsi sebagai perlawanan terhadap infeksi dan penyakit. Platelet dalam darah juga berguna dalam proses pembekuan untuk menghindari terjadinya pendarahan.

    Gangguan pada Sistem Peredaran Darah

    Ada beberapa penyakit yang bisa mempengaruhi sistem peredarah darah manusia seperti:

    • Penyakit jantung koroner (penyumbatan pembuluh darah jantung).
    • Hipertensi (tekanan darah tinggi).
    • Stroke (gangguan aliran darah ke otak).
    • Arteriosklerosis (penebalan dan pengerasan dinding arteri).

    Requirements:

  • Marleen phil

    How Should One Live?

    This week, we are reading about the Buddha, and Socrates. More specifically, we are interested in what they are teaching us about the “good life.”

    What can we learn from their ideas, and the way they lived their lives about how we ought to live our lives? What did they think was important in life? Finally, what were some similarities and differences in their beliefs about how one ought to live?

    Example 1

    Socrates and the Buddha both advocate cultivating one’s inner self over pursuing material money, social standing, or pleasure in order to live a happy life. The Buddha highlights that attachment and longing lead to suffering in life, and that wisdom, mindfulness, and moral behavior are the keys to achieving ultimate happiness. He led a straightforward, orderly life, demonstrating how compassion and letting go of material attachments may bring inner serenity. In a similar vein, Socrates contends that moral integrity and the well-being of the soul are far more significant than financial achievement and that an unexamined life is not worth living. He demonstrated a life of integrity by continuously challenging both himself and other people, demonstrating that wisdom and introspection lead to moral behavior.

    While there are notable parallels between their philosophies, the paths they advocate and their end goals are quite distinct. The Buddha aims for freedom from suffering and the endless cycle of rebirth, emphasizing meditation, ethical conduct, and attaining a direct understanding of reality. In contrast, Socrates stresses the importance of moral virtue and nurturing the soul through rational discourse and personal introspection. The Buddha identifies desire as the source of suffering, whereas Socrates points to ignorance as the fundamental issue, believing that true knowledge can help align our desires properly. Combined, their teachings highlight that a fulfilling life requires both inner peace and moral contemplation: embodying tranquility and wisdom as the Buddha does, while also engaging in self-questioning and acting with integrity like Socrates.

    Example 2

    I believe that the Buddha and Socrates show two different but surprisingly similar approaches to understanding the good life. Both thinkers believed that living well was not about wealth, status, or pleasure, but about cultivating the inner self. From the Buddha, we learn that suffering is a central part of human existence and that the good life comes from recognizing the causes of suffering and overcoming them through mindfulness, ethical behavior, and wisdom. He emphasized detachment from desire and following the Eightfold Path as a way to achieve inner peace and enlightenment. Socrates, on the other hand, taught that the good life comes from constant self-examination. Socrates believed that knowledge leads to virtue, and virtue leads to happiness. Rather than avoiding suffering, he embraced questioning and dialogue, even when it put his life at risk. Both figures valued self-discipline, wisdom, and moral integrity, and both rejected materialism. However, they differed in method: the Buddha focused on meditation and spiritual practice, while Socrates focused on rational inquiry and debate. Together, they show that the good life requires deep reflection and commitment to personal growth.

    Example 3

    Although Socrates and Buddha followed different paths in their search for wisdom, both found wisdom in living a meaningful life.

    Buddha associated suffering with desire, and that is why he proposed to live in nirvana. That is, getting rid of banality and living with moderation. To achieve this state of enlightenment, Buddha suggested living with compassion toward others, with patience, without attachments and selfishness. On the other hand, Socrates found the meaning of life in not blindly accepting what was dictated by society. Instead, he encouraged people to question what was taken for granted, to live under curiosity about what right and wrong mean, and always to search for the truth.

    While Buddha focused on ways to end suffering, Socrates centered on the search for knowledge. Despite their different methods, both discovered that the key to a “good life” is living with humility and self-awareness, always seeking freedom and morality.

    Requirements: Follow

  • Marleen Phil

    How Should One Live?

    This week, we are reading about the Buddha, and Socrates. More specifically, we are interested in what they are teaching us about the “good life.”

    What can we learn from their ideas, and the way they lived their lives about how we ought to live our lives? What did they think was important in life? Finally, what were some similarities and differences in their beliefs about how one ought to live?

    Example 1

    Socrates and the Buddha both advocate cultivating one’s inner self over pursuing material money, social standing, or pleasure in order to live a happy life. The Buddha highlights that attachment and longing lead to suffering in life, and that wisdom, mindfulness, and moral behavior are the keys to achieving ultimate happiness. He led a straightforward, orderly life, demonstrating how compassion and letting go of material attachments may bring inner serenity. In a similar vein, Socrates contends that moral integrity and the well-being of the soul are far more significant than financial achievement and that an unexamined life is not worth living. He demonstrated a life of integrity by continuously challenging both himself and other people, demonstrating that wisdom and introspection lead to moral behavior.

    While there are notable parallels between their philosophies, the paths they advocate and their end goals are quite distinct. The Buddha aims for freedom from suffering and the endless cycle of rebirth, emphasizing meditation, ethical conduct, and attaining a direct understanding of reality. In contrast, Socrates stresses the importance of moral virtue and nurturing the soul through rational discourse and personal introspection. The Buddha identifies desire as the source of suffering, whereas Socrates points to ignorance as the fundamental issue, believing that true knowledge can help align our desires properly. Combined, their teachings highlight that a fulfilling life requires both inner peace and moral contemplation: embodying tranquility and wisdom as the Buddha does, while also engaging in self-questioning and acting with integrity like Socrates.

    Example 2

    I believe that the Buddha and Socrates show two different but surprisingly similar approaches to understanding the good life. Both thinkers believed that living well was not about wealth, status, or pleasure, but about cultivating the inner self. From the Buddha, we learn that suffering is a central part of human existence and that the good life comes from recognizing the causes of suffering and overcoming them through mindfulness, ethical behavior, and wisdom. He emphasized detachment from desire and following the Eightfold Path as a way to achieve inner peace and enlightenment. Socrates, on the other hand, taught that the good life comes from constant self-examination. Socrates believed that knowledge leads to virtue, and virtue leads to happiness. Rather than avoiding suffering, he embraced questioning and dialogue, even when it put his life at risk. Both figures valued self-discipline, wisdom, and moral integrity, and both rejected materialism. However, they differed in method: the Buddha focused on meditation and spiritual practice, while Socrates focused on rational inquiry and debate. Together, they show that the good life requires deep reflection and commitment to personal growth.

    Example 3

    Although Socrates and Buddha followed different paths in their search for wisdom, both found wisdom in living a meaningful life.

    Buddha associated suffering with desire, and that is why he proposed to live in nirvana. That is, getting rid of banality and living with moderation. To achieve this state of enlightenment, Buddha suggested living with compassion toward others, with patience, without attachments and selfishness. On the other hand, Socrates found the meaning of life in not blindly accepting what was dictated by society. Instead, he encouraged people to question what was taken for granted, to live under curiosity about what right and wrong mean, and always to search for the truth.

    While Buddha focused on ways to end suffering, Socrates centered on the search for knowledge. Despite their different methods, both discovered that the key to a “good life” is living with humility and self-awareness, always seeking freedom and morality.

    Requirements: Follow

  • Stripe button

    Our firm currently operates a well-performing website with PayPal integrated as the primary payment gateway. To improve payment flexibility and business scalability, there is a need to integrate additional payment processorsspecifically Square and Stripeusing HTML-based payment buttons. How can these additional merchant payment options be professionally implemented on the existing website, and what step-by-step processes are required to securely configure, test, and deploy these payment buttons for a stabilizer business?

    Step-by-Step To-Do List for Integrating Square and Stripe Payment Buttons

    1. Assess Current Website and Payment Setup

    • Review the existing PayPal integration (HTML buttons, SDKs, or hosted checkout).
    • Identify where payment buttons are placed (product pages, checkout page, invoice page).
    • Confirm whether the site is static (HTML/CSS/JS) or dynamic (PHP, Node.js, etc.).

    2. Create and Verify Merchant Accounts

    • Open a Square Business Account and complete identity verification.
    • Open a Stripe Business Account and complete compliance onboarding.
    • Ensure the business category (stabilizer/electronics) is correctly defined.

    3. Decide on Integration Method

    Choose the most suitable approach:

    • Simple HTML / Checkout Link Buttons (fastest, minimal coding)
    • Hosted Checkout Pages (Stripe Checkout, Square Checkout)
    • API-based Integration (recommended for scalability and automation)

    For a stabilizer business, hosted checkout is often the best balance between security and simplicity.

    4. Generate Payment Credentials

    • From Stripe Dashboard:
      • Obtain Publishable Key and Secret Key
    • From Square Developer Dashboard:
      • Create an application
      • Obtain Application ID, Location ID, and Access Token
    • Store all keys securely (never expose secret keys in HTML).

    5. Create HTML Payment Buttons

    • Design branded HTML buttons (Square, Stripe, PayPal) for consistency.
    • Link each button to its respective checkout session or payment URL.
    • Label buttons clearly (e.g., Pay with Stripe, Pay with Square).

    6. Configure Payment Details

    • Set product name (e.g., Voltage Stabilizer Model X).
    • Define currency, price, taxes, and shipping fees.
    • Configure success and cancel redirect URLs.

    7. Enable Security and Compliance

    • Ensure SSL (HTTPS) is active on the website.
    • Use PCI-compliant hosted payment pages (Stripe/Square).
    • Do not collect or store card details on your server.

    8. Test in Sandbox / Test Mode

    • Use Stripe test keys and Square sandbox environment.
    • Simulate successful and failed transactions.
    • Verify email receipts and payment confirmations.

    9. Deploy to Production

    • Switch API keys from test to live mode.
    • Publish updated HTML pages to the live server.
    • Confirm payments reflect correctly in merchant dashboards.

    10. Optimize User Experience

    • Place payment buttons logically on product and checkout pages.
    • Allow customers to choose their preferred payment provider.
    • Ensure mobile responsiveness for all buttons.

    11. Set Up Monitoring and Reporting

    • Enable transaction alerts and notifications.
    • Regularly review payment logs and failed transactions.
    • Reconcile payments with accounting records.

    12. Document and Maintain

    • Document integration steps and credentials (securely).
    • Schedule periodic reviews for API updates.

    Requirements:

  • Moral right to unproven drugs for patients with no other tre…

    Please follow instructions as attached

    Attached Files (PDF/DOCX): Characterizing_expanded_access.pdf, An_analysis_of_common_ethical_.pdf, Instructions.docx

    Note: Content extraction from these files is restricted, please review them manually.

  • Leadership

    Leadership module, detailed will be shared sparsely

  • Journal

    Compare and contrast ocean freighter shipping with other global transportation methods. What are a few advantages and disadvantages to global ocean freighter shipping? Determine which type of global distribution method you think is the most effective, and explain why. What are some situations that warrant shipping products globally by air?

  • Thesis Statement

    Essay Assignment #1 Coming of age

    Due Date: Feb. 10, 2026, 00:00

    Length: 1000 words

    The coming-of age experience in a theme in five of the short stories discussed this term. The experience describes the transition from childhood to adulthood in a moment almost always quietly dramatic. A conflict within the main character has been resolved, a decision has been made, often about how characters see themselves in an adult world. Often characters are critical of the authority and the all-knowing stance of parents/superiors. Analyze at least three of the coming-of-age stories, comparing the characters and their outcomes. Note Well: Assume your reader knows the story. You in your essay are concerned only with the ideas in the story. The plot is secondary. Retelling the story will not make an essay.

    Topics for the essay may include the following:

    Discuss the role of religious imagery in three of the short stories.

    Compare the difficulties of the female narrators and offer a common ground for these difficulties.

    Discuss tradition as the most difficult obstacle for these young narrators to overcome.

    Discuss the division of labour as a subtle way to oppress women.

    NOTE:

    • Include at least six direct quotations in your essay (MLA format).
    • Include a works cited list (MLA format).
    • Underline your thesis statement.

    Stories in the book: Boys and girls

    To set our house in order

    Aunt Moons young man

    The Book is called: The Wascana Anthology Poetry, Short friction, and critical prose

    Attached Files (PDF/DOCX): Sample Essay Coming of Age 2023 (7).docx, Sample Essay Coming of Age 2023 (7).docx

    Note: Content extraction from these files is restricted, please review them manually.

  • Road accidents

    Not legally approved to be driving, when do the accidents happen, raid signs, high speed limit

  • Week 7 db

    To allow all members of the class sufficient time to respond to peer’s postings, students must initially post the response to the instructors question by Wednesday 11:59pm of each week. Students must post the responses to peers posts by Sunday 11:59pm of each week. Students are referred to the course syllabus and to the BSN Student Handbook regarding late assignments. You must post at least two different days in the week. You are referred to the syllabus for Guidelines for Discussion Board Posting expectations on critical thinking in discussion questions. In 200 words respond to the following question using two resources. One source may be your text and a minimum of one English peer-reviewed nursing journal article (less than 5 years). Include a Permalink to the references so that faculty can easily access the articles (see library database page). Articles from non-nursing peer-reviewed journals, including those published outside the United States, and websites ending in .gov, .org and .edu may be used as a third resource if published within the last five years. Choose one of the Ethical Scenarios in Chapter 8: 8-1, (p. 118) 8-2, (p.127) Answer the questions in the scenario. Be sure to write the questions in your post. Chapter 8 Ethical Scenario 81 Limitation on Informed Consent Mr. and Mrs. Urkovitsch had their two-year-old daughter admit-ted to the hospital for evaluation of her continuing breathing problems and blue finger-tips. They have recently moved from their native country to the United States and speak limited Eng-lish. After diagnostic tests were completed, a diagnosis of se-vere cardiac cardiomegaly and aortic stenosis has been made. The pediatric cardiologist and the cardiovascular surgeon car-ing for the child feel that the parents do not have the needed education to fully comprehend the severity of the childs diag-nosis, and that only minimal informed consent is needed as they will not understand anyway. Through an interpreter, the two physicians have informed the parents of the fact that the child requires surgery, but that everything will be fine after the surgery. The parents are asking the nursing staff additional questions, such as what type of surgery their daughter is about to have, how long she will be in the hospital, and when she will be able to play with the other children again. Additionally, the parents have told the nursing staff that they understand their daughter is quite ill and are very worried about her future. Discuss the ethical principles underlying this situation, from the aspect of the parents, the nursing staff, and the physicians. Is there a realistic ethical outcome for this situation? Exceptions to Informed Consent The courts recognize the following four exceptions to the need for informed consent in circumstances in which con-sent is still required: 1. Emergency situations 2. Therapeutic privilege 3. Patient waiver 4. Prior patient knowledge From a practitioner standpoint, consent is still needed to prevent charges of battery, but the informed consent requirements are eased. Emergencies give rise to implied consent. Courts in some jurisdictions have recognized that if there is time to give information, a limited disclosure may be valid. If no time exists or the patient is incapable of understanding by virtue of the physical disability, then no information need be given. To bring a successful malpractice suit based on informed consent, the plaintiff must be able to show, by a preponderance of the evidence, all of the following: 1. There was a duty on the part of the health care pro-vider to know of a risk or alternative treatment. 2. There was a duty on the part of the health care pro-vider to disclose the risk or alternative treatment. 3. There was a breach of the duty to disclose. 4. If the health care occurs in a state where the reason-able patient standard is used, a reasonable person in the plaintiffs position would not have consented to the treatment if he or she had known of the outstanding risk. 5. The undisclosed risk caused the harm, or the harm would not have occurred if an alternative treatment plan was selected. 6. The plaintiff suffered injuries for which damages can be assessed. EXERCISE 81 Explore your own state requirements for standards of informed consent. How did you go about discovering these standards? Do elective procedures and emergency situations use the same standard of informed consent? Are ethical principles evident in these standards for informed consent? Which of the standards gives the most ethical rights to patients? Therapeutic privilege, sometimes referred to as ther-apeutic exception, has its origins in the common-law defense of necessity. Therapeutic privilege allows primary health care providers to withhold information based on sound medical judgment that the patient is too emotionally or mentally unable to fully understand and that revealing the information would potentially harm the individual. The detrimental nature of the information must be more than fear that the information would lead to the patients refusal. The disclosure of the information should pose seri-ous and immediate harm to the patient, such as prompting suicidal behavior (van den Heever, 2005, p. 420). In using this defense, the primary health care provider justifies its use based on actual danger or patient incompetence, not merely on the principle of beneficence. Therapeutic privilege is not favored by the courts, as it is a form of intentional nondisclosure. Courts have held that a relative must concur with the decision to intervene medically and that this relative must be given full disclo-sure, whereas other courts have held that no relative need give concurrent consent. Once the risks of patient harm have abated, the primary health care provider must then fully disclose the previously withheld information to the patient. The patient may also agree to a waiver of the right to full disclosure and still consent to the procedure. The caveat to be avoided in this instance is that the health care provider cannot suggest such a waiver. The waiver, to be valid, must be initiated by the patient. Such a waiver may be seen when patients tell the primary health care provider that they do not want to know the potential risks or com-plications associated with a specific procedure. Prior patient knowledge involves the patient to whom the risks and benefits were fully explained the first time the patient consented to the procedure. Liability does not exist for nondisclosure of risks that are public or common knowledge or that the patient had previously experienced. Often prior patient knowledge is encountered in patients