Electrical Engineering Question

Task Assignment: Communications Coursework (Part A Group E & Part B)

You are required to complete the Communications coursework in a professional, accurate, and academically sound manner. The work must include Part A (Group E) and Part B (MATLAB Simulation). All solutions must be clearly presented with proper explanations, calculations, and analysis.

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# Part A: Theoretical Analysis (Group E)

You must solve all problems under Group E (Problems E1E5). Each solution must include full derivations, explanations, and where required, sketches or plots.

## General Instructions:

– Present all steps clearly and logically.

– State formulas before applying them.

– Support answers with brief explanations.

– Include sketches/plots where required.

– Add a short discussion after each problem.

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## Problem E1: Selective Fading in AM Systems

– Derive the expression for the coherently demodulated signal for a DSB system.

– Analyze the effect of phase shifts ( and ) on the received signal.

– Determine the condition under which complete cancellation occurs.

– Sketch the AM waveform for given phase conditions.

– Explain the effect of selective fading on envelope detection.

– Analyze the case where the carrier experiences additional attenuation.

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## Problem E2: Frequency Modulation Analysis

– Derive and sketch the instantaneous frequency of the FM signal.

– Express the instantaneous frequency as a function of time.

– Determine the maximum frequency deviation.

– Clearly explain the behavior of the FM signal.

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## Problem E3: Detection in AWGN Channel

– Derive the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) expression at the detector input.

– Analyze the effect of the receiver filter.

– Discuss how the unit step function affects the signal spectrum.

– Provide interpretation of the results.

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## Problem E4: 64-QAM Performance

– Calculate the required transmitted power for a given BER.

– Repeat calculations for different error rate conditions.

– Compare results and discuss system performance.

– Explain the relationship between power, BER, and modulation order.

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## Problem E5: Adaptive Modulation and Channel Effects

– Calculate the maximum achievable data rate using Shannon capacity.

– Analyze the impact of Rayleigh fading on system performance.

– Evaluate adaptive modulation techniques.

– Determine the best modulation scheme based on given channel gains.

– Justify your selection with proper reasoning.

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# Part B: MATLAB Simulation (Communication System Design)

You are required to design and simulate a complete digital communication system using MATLAB or Simulink.

## Objective:

Design a system capable of transmitting data over a noisy and non-ideal communication channel, and evaluate its performance under different conditions.

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## System Components:

### 1. Transmitter:

– Generate binary data.

– Apply a suitable modulation technique (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, QAM).

– Use pulse shaping if required.

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### 2. Channel:

– Model a realistic communication channel including:

– Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN)

– Delay and distortion

– Optional multipath effects

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### 3. Receiver:

– Perform demodulation.

– Apply filtering and signal recovery.

– Implement synchronization techniques if needed.

– Recover transmitted data accurately.

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## Simulation Requirements:

– Build the system using MATLAB/Simulink.

– Test multiple modulation techniques.

– Analyze system performance under different noise levels.

– Measure Bit Error Rate (BER).

– Compare results and identify the best configuration.

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## Analysis and Discussion:

– Explain the effect of noise and channel impairments.

– Compare modulation techniques in terms of performance.

– Suggest improvements to enhance system reliability and efficiency.

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# Report Requirements

The final report must include:

1. Introduction

2. Part A (Group E Solutions)

– Detailed solutions

– Mathematical derivations

– Plots and sketches

3. Part B (Simulation)

– System design and block diagram

– Results and performance analysis

4. Discussion

5. Conclusion

6. References

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# Individual Reflections (Mandatory)

The group consists of 5 members, and each member must submit an individual reflection at the end of the report.

Each reflection must include:

– Description of individual contribution to the project.

– Tasks performed in Part A and/or Part B.

– Skills and knowledge gained.

– Challenges faced and how they were addressed.

– Personal evaluation of teamwork and overall project outcome.

Each reflection must be clearly labeled with the students name and written independently.

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# Additional Notes

– Ensure all work is original and properly referenced.

– Maintain clear formatting and academic writing style.

– Submit MATLAB files along with the final report.

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Ensure the final submission is complete, well-structured, and ready for academic evaluation.

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