English Question

Hi for this assignment I need 3 debate paragraphs to the debate question: TOPIC: Does binge drinking has long term impact on brain function or cognition. 1. For paragraph one is is working on the pro side of the debate this is instructions: Pro Argument 1, includes study summary (participants, procedure, measures, findings) (working memory which is different than dementia) Squeglia et al., 2011 fMRI study in 1619 year olds; adolescent binge drinkers showed altered spatial working-memory brain activation, and in females lower activation was linked to worse attention and working memory. PMID 21762178. Quote: less activation was associated with poorer sustained attention and working memory. here is link to source it only needs to be roughly 200-250 words.

2. For the second paragraph it’s a pro conclusion so i would like you to sum up the paragraph 1 which you are assigned to write and the other 2 i had already written which i will include: Pro Argument 3 Binge Drinking Damages Brain Areas Critical for Memory: Increased Risk of Dementia : A key argument supporting the long-term negative effects of binge drinking is its association with an increased risk of dementia. This relationship is supported by longitudinal research examining alcohol use and brain health over time. For instance, a study conducted with 550 middle age participants who were followed for approximately 30 years as a part of the Whitehall II cohort highlighted the effects of alcohol consumption. participants reported their alcohol consumption levels across different time points which allowed researchers to track long-term drinking patterns (Topiwala et al., 2017). Using different brain imaging techniques such as MRI, researchers were able to assess hippocampal volume as a measure of brain health along with other cognitive testing to evaluate decline. This study found that individuals who consumed higher levels of alcohol were up to three times more likely to develop hippocampal atrophy which is a condition that is strongly associated with memory loss and increased risk of dementia. Furthermore another study which analyzed the data of over 9,000 adults regarding their alcohol consumption and their midlife showed poor cognitive outcomes. using repeated cognitive assessments over time, including memory and executive function tasks, researchers were able to track changes in cognition as participants aged (Sabia et al., 2018). In this study researchers found the individuals with higher alcohol intake experience faster cognitive decline which was a major predictor of dementia. All together these studies provide strong evidence that binge drinking can contribute to long-term brain damage which significantly increases the risk of developing dementia.

Pro Argument Irreversible – find evidence

Its also important to look at how alcohol affects an animal’s brains, since lifestyle and other factors can be a confounding factor in long-term impact. Human studies show structural and cognitive harm that persists over time, while animal studies more directly support lasting biological injury into adulthood. Studies find that alcohol has detrimental, irreversible effects on the brain in animals. Morris et al., 2010 showed that adolescent rat binge-alcohol models showed decreased hippocampal neurogenesis and a 50% decrease in surviving new cells 28 days later. Tapia-Rojas et al., 2017 find that adolescent binge alcohol exposure impaired adult hippocampal function, including memory and synaptic plasticity, via mitochondrial damage. Tapia-Rojas et al., 2019 claim that even one adolescent binge-drinking episode in rats produced hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction that persisted into adulthood. These studies show long-lasting hippocampal and mitochondrial damage that persists into adulthood.

(so for paragraph 2 you are summing up paragraph 1 which you are assigned to write, Pro Argument Irreversible, Pro Argument 3 Binge Drinking Damages Brain Areas Critical for Memory: Increased Risk of Dementia.) which i included above already its a conclusion for all my paragraphs that needs to be summed up in the conclusion.

3. Lastly we are moving over to the con side of the debate so change perspective. this is what the 3rd paragraph should include: impacts of binge drinking are reversible CON: Reversible Effects 1. Brain structure can recover over time After stopping or reducing alcohol, the brain can regrow some lost tissue and improve connections. Studies show increases in gray matter and improved brain function after sobriety The brain can physically repair itself after alcohol use, meaning damage from binge drinking is not always permanent. Please use this source to help you: evidence you can use: Studies show gray matter volume increases after abstinence, even within weeks, Brain regions like the frontal cortex and cingulate gyrus show recovery after stopping alcohol use.

Thank you so much. So again there is only a total of 3 paragraphs that need to be written, pro side, conclusion of pro side, and con side. Please no use of AI at all and only stick to the 2 sources i included. paragraphs should be around 200-250 each.

WRITE MY PAPER

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