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NEET Class 11 Botany Chapter 2

Biological Classification (Premium Notes + PYQs)

Introduction

Biological classification organisms ko unki similarities aur differences ke basis par groups me divide karta hai, jisse study easy ho jaati hai.

5 Kingdom Classification (R.H. Whittaker 1969)

Monera

Protista

Fungi

Plantae

Animalia

Basis:

Cell structure

Mode of nutrition

Body organization

Kingdom Monera

Prokaryotic

Unicellular

No true nucleus

Bacteria Shapes:

Cocci (round)

Bacilli (rod)

Spirilla (spiral)

Special Points

Cyanobacteria Blue-green algae

Mycoplasma Smallest living cell

Kingdom Protista

Eukaryotic

Mostly unicellular

Types:

Chrysophytes (diatoms silica wall)

Dinoflagellates (red tide cause)

Euglenoids (plant + animal traits)

Protozoans

Kingdom Fungi

Multicellular (except yeast)

Heterotrophic

Key Terms:

Hyphae filament

Mycelium network

Special Points

Cell wall Chitin

Reserve food Glycogen

Viruses

Living + non-living characteristics

DNA ya RNA (never both)

Host dependent

Viroids

Sirf RNA

No protein coat

Lichens

Algae + Fungi symbiosis

Pollution indicator

PYQs (Previous Year Questions)

Q1. Five kingdom classification kisne diya?

Answer: R.H. Whittaker

Q2. Diatoms ki cell wall kis se bani hoti hai?

Answer: Silica

Q3. Red tide ka cause kya hai?

Answer: Dinoflagellates

Q4. Virus me kya hota hai?

Answer: DNA ya RNA

Q5. Lichens kya show karte hain?

Answer: Air pollution indicator

Important Definitions

Prokaryotic: No nucleus

Eukaryotic: True nucleus

Saprophyte: Dead matter pe feed

Quick Revision (1 Page)

5 Kingdom Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Monera = Prokaryotic

Diatoms = Silica wall

Fungi = Chitin wall

Virus = DNA/RNA

Lichens = Pollution indicator

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