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unit 6 & 7

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Progress Check

Use this activity to assess whether you can:

  • Describe the sampling distribution for sample proportions and use it to identify unusual (and more common) sample results.
  • Distinguish between a sample statistic and a population parameter.
  • Use StatCruch to find a confidence interval to estimate a population proportion when conditions are met.
  • Interpret the confidence interval in context.
  • Interpret the meaning of a confidence level and relate it to the margin of error when testing a claim.
  • Given a claim about a population, determine the null and alternative hypotheses.
  • Conduct a hypothesis test for a population proportion and state a conclusion in context.
  • Interpret the P-value as a conditional probability.
  • Recognize type I and type II errors and articulate the consequence of either error.

Directions

WARNING: The directions for Unit Projects differ from the directions for homework and lab assignments.

Use the drop-down menu to learn about the four steps needed to complete this assignment.

Four steps to complete the assignment

Data

For the remainder of this assignment, all links open in a new tab.

  • Login and open StatCrunch ().
  • Open your IAT sample data set in StatCrunch ().

Prompts

Each IAT data set has a different prompt for this project. Select the appropriate drop-down triangle below to see the prompt for your data set.

Race IAT Questions & Variables

Open for the Race prompt

Question 1 and Question 2 use different variables. For each question, you can find a description of the indicated variable on this Race IAT page.

Question 1

The variable for this question is Crime-Equal.

      1. Which IAT data set are you working with?
      2. Use StatCrunch to find the 95% confidence interval that estimates the population proportion of Race IAT participants who moderately agree that law enforcement officers should act as if members of all racial groups are equally likely to commit crimes (). Highlight and copy everything in your StatCrunch output window and paste it into your response.
      3. Identify the sample proportion in your StatCrunch output table. Then determine whether conditions are met for using the confidence interval to estimate the population proportion of participants in your chosen IAT. (Be sure to support your answer as demonstrated in Units 6 and 7.)
      4. If conditions are met, estimate the population proportion of participants in your particular IAT, and state your conclusion in context. If conditions are not met, explain what a researcher could do so that conditions are met.
      5. Based on your analysis, do you think the population of participants in your chosen IAT is representative of the U.S. population? Explain.

Question 2

The variable for this question is Race.

Question to be investigated: According to the United States Census Bureau, in 2019 approximately 13.4% of the U.S. population identified themselves as black. Is the proportion of black participants lower for your chosen IAT?

Respond to each of the following.

      1. State your hypotheses in symbolic form and in words. (The population of interest and the meaning of the proportion in terms of the variable Race should be clear in your answer.)
      2. StatCrunch uses a normal model to estimate the -value probability. Are the normality conditions met? Show your work.
      3. Use StatCrunch to conduct the hypothesis test (). Copy and paste the results (the StatCrunch output window) into the textbox.
      4. Give your -value and interpret its meaning as a conditional probability.
      5. State a conclusion that answers the research question. Use a significance level of 5%. (Your answer should include the -value and reference the population and the appropriate variable.)

Question 3

We cannot know whether a Type 1 or Type 2 error actually occurs in a hypothesis test. But, based on the results of our hypothesis test, we should be aware of which type of error is possible and what that error means in the context of our test.

      1. For the hypothesis test, you conducted in Question 2, which type of error is possible, Type 1 or Type 2? Briefly explain why.
      2. In the context of your hypothesis test, interpret the type of error you identified in part a).

Weapons IAT Questions & Variables

Open for the Weapons prompt

Question 1 and Question 2 use different variables. For each question, you can find a description of the indicated variable on this Weapons IAT page.

Question 1

The variable for this question is Therm-Black.

      1. Please state the IAT data set you are working with.
      2. Use StatCrunch to find the 95% confidence interval that estimates the population proportion of Weapons IAT participants who indicate that they feel neither warm nor cold toward black Americans (). Highlight and copy everything in your StatCrunch output window and paste it into your response.
      3. Identify the sample proportion in your StatCrunch output table. Then determine whether conditions are met for using the confidence interval to estimate the population proportion of participants in your chosen IAT. (Be sure to support your answer as demonstrated in Units 6 and 7.)
      4. If conditions are met, estimate the population proportion of participants in your particular IAT, and state your conclusion in context. If conditions are not met, explain what a researcher could do so that conditions are met.
      5. Based on your analysis, do you think the population of participants in your chosen IAT is representative of the U.S. population? Explain.

Question 2

The variable for this question is Race.

Question to be investigated: According to the United States Census Bureau, in 2019 approximately 13.4% of the U.S. population identified themselves as black. Is the proportion of black participants lower for your chosen IAT?

Respond to each of the following.

      1. State your hypotheses in symbolic form and in words. (The population of interest and the meaning of the proportion in terms of the variable Race should be clear in your answer.)
      2. StatCrunch uses a normal model to estimate the -value probability. Are the normality conditions met? Show your work.
      3. Use StatCrunch to conduct the hypothesis test (). Copy and paste the results (the StatCrunch output window) into the textbox.
      4. Give your -value and interpret its meaning as a conditional probability.
      5. State a conclusion that answers the research question. Use a significance level of 5%. (Your answer should include the -value and reference the population and the appropriate variable.)

Question 3

We cannot know whether a Type 1 or Type 2 error actually occurs in a hypothesis test. But, based on the results of our hypothesis test, we should be aware of which type of error is possible and what that error means in the context of our test.

      1. For the hypothesis test, you conducted in Question 2, which type of error is possible, Type 1 or Type 2? Briefly explain why.
      2. In the context of your hypothesis test, interpret the type of error you identified in part a).

Weight IAT Questions & Variables

Open for the Weight prompt

Question 1 and Question 2 use different variables. For each question, you can find a description of the indicated variable on this Weight IAT page.

Question 1

Your assigned variable is Prefers.

      1. Please state the IAT data set you are working with.
      2. Use StatCrunch to find the 95% confidence interval that estimates the population proportion of Weight IAT participants who indicate that they like thin people and fat people equally (). Highlight and copy everything in your StatCrunch output window and paste it into your response.
      3. Identify the sample proportion in your StatCrunch output table. Then determine whether conditions are met for using the confidence interval to estimate the population proportion of participants in your chosen IAT. (Be sure to support your answer as demonstrated in Units 6 and 7.)
      4. If conditions are met, estimate the population proportion of participants in your particular IAT, and state your conclusion in context. If conditions are not met, explain what a researcher could do so that conditions are met.
      5. Based on your analysis, do you think the population of participants in your chosen IAT is representative of the U.S. population? Explain.

Question 2

The variable for this question is Race.

Question to be investigated: According to the United States Census Bureau, in 2019 approximately 13.4% of the U.S. population identified themselves as black. Is the proportion of black participants lower for your chosen IAT?

Respond to each of the following.

      1. State your hypotheses in symbolic form and in words. (The population of interest and the meaning of the proportion in terms of the variable Race should be clear in your answer.)
      2. StatCrunch uses a normal model to estimate the -value probability. Are the normality conditions met? Show your work.
      3. Use StatCrunch to conduct the hypothesis test (). Copy and paste the results (the StatCrunch output window) into the textbox.
      4. Give your -value and interpret its meaning as a conditional probability.
      5. State a conclusion that answers the research question. Use a significance level of 5%. (Your answer should include the -value and reference the population and the appropriate variable.)

Question 3

We cannot know whether a Type 1 or Type 2 error actually occurs in a hypothesis test. But, based on the results of our hypothesis test, we should be aware of which type of error is possible and what that error means in the context of our test.

      1. For the hypothesis test, you conducted in Question 2, which type of error is possible, Type 1 or Type 2? Briefly explain why.
      2. In the context of your hypothesis test, interpret the type of error you identified in part a).

StatCrunch Directions

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