Introduction to Programming

Learning Objectives

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

Define programming

Identify basic programming concepts

Understand how programs work

Create simple logic using steps

What is Programming?

Programming is the process of writing instructions (called code) that tells a computer what to do.

Basic Concepts

1. Algorithm

A step-by-step procedure to solve a problem.

Example: Steps in cooking a meal.

2. Program

A set of instructions written in a programming language.

3. Programming Language

A tool used to write programs. Examples include:

Python

Java

C++

4. Debugging

Finding and fixing errors in a program.

Basic Programming Structure

Input Data given to the computer

Process The computer works on the data

Output The result shown to the user

Example (Simple Logic)

Problem: Add two numbers

Steps (Algorithm):

Start

Input two numbers

Add the numbers

Display the result

End

Practice Activity

Activity 1:

Write an algorithm for brushing your teeth.

Activity 2:

Identify whether the following is Input, Process, or Output:

Typing your name ______

Computer saving the name ______

Displaying your name ______

Summary

Programming is giving instructions to a computer

Programs are written using programming languages

Problems are solved using step-by-step processes (algorithms)

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