PVD program plan

Page requirement guideline: between 2-4 pages; most importantly, all items below should be covered thoroughly. All items should be checked off to make sure you have covered all aspects of the assignment.

Respond to the five questions listed below. Use the headings when responding.

1. Identify issues of importance to the community.

Identify one or more problems or issues (e.g., substance abuse, violence, hypertension, heart disease, malnutrition) of importance to the community related to your target population, i.e. seniors, teens, children, minorities, women, men.

1. Define the problem or issue (root cause) to be addressed.

Define the condition that is at the root of community concern. This may be either the lack of/too few of a positive condition (e.g., too few kids graduate from high school; too few children under two years are immunized) or the presence of/too much of a negative condition (e.g., too many kids flunk out of school; too much violence; too many infants born with low birth weight and related problems). State the problem in one sentence.

1. State the behaviors (of whom) that are most central to the issue or concern.

State the behaviors that you perceive as being linked to your community problem. For example, for the problem of adolescent pregnancy: Teens are practicing premarital sex and not using contraceptives.

1. State goals and SMART objectives of the program related to addressing the issue or concern.

State goal(s):

State a SMART objective(s) for the problem (e.g., “to reduce the percentage of high school seniors in XXX community dropping out of school by 25% by year 2025”; “to reduce the reported cases of domestic violence in the City of Birmingham by 30% in one year; “to increase the percentage of older adults living in their own homes by 20% in one year”).

1. Outline an intervention designed to achieve the objective of your program.

Consider the criteria listed in the checklist and review the various strategies used in interventions. Choose the strategy, or multiple strategies, that you might apply to address the problem. Keep in mind, the strategies you choose should be chosen based on the target audience and the objectives you are trying to achieve.

DETERMINING ROOT CAUSE
When thinking of possible root causes of the problem, ask “Why the person is performing or not performing a certain behavior?”, “What might be done to prevent this?”, “Why isn’t this happening?”, or “What could be done about this?”

Example:

1. Why do teens practice premarital sex?
2. Because they don’t have anything better to do.
3. But why don’t they have anything better to do?
4. Because there are few supervised activities after school and on weekends.
5. What could be done about this?
6. Churches could provide after-school activities.
7. But why isn’t this being done now?

or

1. Why do teens who have sex do so without contraceptives?
2. Because they don’t know any better.
3. But why don’t they know any better?
4. Because sex education isn’t taught in the home or the schools.
5. But why isn’t it taught in schools?
6. Because a few opponents threatened the school board if they introduced a sex education curriculum.
7. But why doesn’t the rest of the public support this?
8. Because they don’t know how serious a problem teen pregnancy is.

WRITING OBJECTIVES
Use the guide below to write an objective for the problem.
Format: By ____ (date), to increase (reduce) the rate of ____________________ (the condition) by _____ (what percent).

Example: One of the objectives of this program is to reduce the rate of heart disease by 10% by May 31, 2019.

CHOOSING STRATEGIES
Key strategies of change that address personal behaviors include:

• provide information about the causes of the concern and alternatives for change
• provide training in functional skills (e.g., social skills, goal setting)
• promote values and beliefs consistent with the goals
• establish programs to promote health and nutrition and to reduce risk to injury
• provide appropriate therapies and treatments
• reduce exposure to family and peer conflict, rejection, violence, and abuse
• develop and enhance opportunities for engagement in positive activities and goal attainment
• reduce discrimination and other barriers to equal opportunity
• reduce or eliminate punishment and excessive requirements
• minimize hazards and arrange the environment to prevent injury
• provide economic supports to reduce deprivation associated with poverty
• strengthen family and peer supports
• enhance access to positive models and mentors
• increase positive reinforcement for constructive actions
• enhance availability and accessibility of resources and opportunities
• advocate for changes in policies and laws

Note: Many, but not all, of the above strategies, may be relevant to your chosen problem.

Checklist

Criteria for analyzing the problem: I have taken into consideration the following:

____ Frequency of the problem

____ Duration of the problem

____ Scope or range of the problem

____ Severity of the problem

How to analyze a community problem: I have included the following in my program plan:

____ Stated the problem, in general terms

____ Given some specific examples of the problem

____ Thought of some possible reasons or causes

____ Found the most probable reason

____ Identified some possible solutions

____ Chosen the best solution

Common criteria for the best possible solution: In coming up with the best possible solution, I have taken into consideration:

____ Cost

____ Time

____ People

____ Obstacles

____ Impact

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