please do this extra credit assignment and title is “extra credit” attached is the data you need You will work with an Excel dataset containing responses from a public opinion survey on policing.
includes survey responses from 500 participants, items that capture peoples perceptions, and demographics. By the end of this assignment, you should be able to create meaningful charts that illustrate patterns in perceptions of policing and reflect on their implications.
Two composite score variables were also created in the dataset:
1. Procedural_Justice_Score
This variable is the average of four Likert-scale survey items that capture peoples perceptions of procedural justice in their encounters with police:
- PJ_FairTreatment The police treat people fairly.
- PJ_Respect The police treat people with respect.
- PJ_Voice The police give people a chance to express their views.
- PJ_DecisionQuality The police make decisions based on facts and not personal bias.
2. Legitimacy_Score
This variable is the average of four Likert-scale items that measure police legitimacy how justified and acceptable citizens find police authority:
- PL_Trust I trust the police to do what is right.
- PL_ObligationObey People should obey the police, even if they disagree with them.
- PL_ValueAlignment The police share my values.
- PL_Confidence I have confidence in the police.
Guidelines
Create a bar chart showing the average Procedural Justice Score by Ethnicity.
- Interpretation: Which racial/ethnic groups report higher or lower perceptions of procedural justice
Create a bar chart showing the average Legitimacy_Score across education levels (High School, Some College, Bachelors, Postgraduate).
- Interpretation: Do education levels influence police legitimacy?
Create a bar chart showing average procedural justice scores by age group.
- Interpretation: How does age shape perception of procedural justice?
Summarize what your visualizations reveal about perceptions of police.
Submit your Excel file with the completed charts, proper labeling, and interpretation in a text box (about 300 words).
Suggested steps in Excel
- Open the file
Open the Excel sheet police_legitimacy_procedural_justice.xlsx. - Insert a PivotTable
- Highlight all the data (or just click inside the table).
- Go to Insert > PivotTable.
- Place the PivotTable in a new worksheet.
- Set up the PivotTable
- Drag Age_Group into the Rows area.
- Drag Procedural_Justice_Score into the Values area.
- By default, Excel may show Count. Change it:
- Click the drop-down > Value Field Settings > select Average.
- Insert the Chart
- With the PivotTable still selected, go to Insert > Column or Bar Chart.
- Choose a Clustered Bar or Clustered Column chart.
- Format the Chart
- Add a title: Average Procedural Justice Score by Age Group.
- Label axes (e.g., X = Score, Y = Age Groups).
- Ensure the scale makes sense (Likert averages range from 1 to 5).
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