Objective: To determine the enthalpy change (H) associated with the reaction of a base with oxalic acid and to verify Hess’s law; when a base reacts with oxalic acid in water. The enthalpy change H of this reaction is measured. The heat given off by the reaction in water is noted. The enthalpy change of the base in the solution is not directly measurable. The molar enthalpy change of oxalic acid can be obtained from solution calorimetry using the reaction with the base in water. The molar enthalpy changes can be observed at different concentrations (4.2 M) and temperatures as necessary. For the reaction of a base with oxalic acid, the enthalpy change of 50 ml can be determined using solution calorimetry, from which the molar enthalpy change in kJ/mol can be calculated. The enthalpy change in these conditions is (4.2 t) kJ, and for a 0.05 mol base reacting with oxalic acid, the enthalpy change is determined for a 50 ml solution, giving an enthalpy change of (0.21 t) kJ.
Calculation:
H = 1 / (0.05 / 0.21 t) kJ/mol
Materials: (1) Oxalic acid dihydrate (H2C2O4 2H2O), (2) base
Equipment: (1) 250 ml volumetric flask, (2) stirrer, (3) thermometer, (4) Safety, (5) Other Information.
Important Points:
1. Concentrated Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) and Oxalic Acid (H2C2O4 . 2H2O) should not be taken in excess or come into direct contact with skin or eyes.
2. Do not ingest.
3. Do not answer in a way that could cause harm to others. Do not handle chemicals casually.
4. Do not answer in a way that can cause fumes or a hazardous reaction when handling acids.
5. Do not spontaneously mix chemicals in a beaker without proper instruction.
6. Do not handle chemicals alone.
Experimental Data:
Mass of Oxalic Acid (H2C2O4 . 2H2O) used = 0.05 mole = 6.3 g.
Mass of water used = 43.7 g = 43.7 ml
Initial temperature of water, t1 = 25C
Final temperature of water, t2 = 19.5C
Calculation:
Temperature change of solution, t = (t1 – t2) C = 5.5C
Heat released by Oxalic Acid (H2C2O4 . 2H2O), q = 1 / 0.05 0.21 = 23.1 kJ mol
Conclusion: Heat released by Oxalic Acid, H = 23.1 kJ mol1|… When a driver drives a motor vehicle, he must always follow traffic rules and obey traffic signals.
2| While driving, pedestrians should also be careful and cross the road only at designated crossing points.
3| Drivers should maintain their vehicles in proper condition.
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